Category: Visiting Chefs

  • Taiwan Cuisine in Mexico City: Restaurante Rico Food in Colonia Del Valle

    Rico Condiments
    On your table at Rico Food when you sit down, house-made nibbles to open your appetite: sweetly pickled crunchy
    carrots and cucumbers.

    If you regularly read this website, you already know that Mexico Cooks! is always on the lookout for a really good Chinese restaurant in Mexico City.  In March 2012, you read our report about the wonders of Restaurante Dalián.  Dalián, whose owners hail from Beijing, features very satisfying food from mainland China. 

    A few months ago, friends mentioned a Chinese restaurant in their neighborhood.  Our friends didn't know the restaurant's name, they weren't sure of the exact address, and they had never eaten there.  But they said it must be good, because it was always packed with Asian people.  And they said the restaurant was on Av. Coyoacán, not far from their home in Colonia Del Valle.  A few days later, we took our car for its monthly outing and drove down Av. Coyoacán: there it is!  Sure enough, Restaurante Rico Food was just half a block from División del Norte and mere minutes from our home.

    Rico Food Julio Lai
    Julio Lai, the delightful owner and culinary inspiration at Restaurante Rico Food.  He was brought from Taiwan to cook in a restaurant in the city of Guanajuato, Mexico.  Several years later, he went back to Taiwan with the intent to open his own restaurant in his home country.  Once he realized how difficult his hometown competition would be, he came back to Mexico City to open Rico Food.

    Rico Green Beans w Pork
    At Rico Food, dry-fried green beans with pork and chile are so delicious and everyone loves them so much that, depending on how many diners we have with us, we sometimes have to order two big platefuls.  At this meal, we all dove into the green beans so fast that they almost disappeared before I got a photo.

    Rico Steamed Dumplings
    The last time we visited Rico Food, this order of 20 freshly steamed pork dumplings served our table of five remarkably restrained eaters.  Of course we also ordered several other dishes.  The dumpling's dipping sauce is prepared prior to being brought to your table; it's the perfect flavor combination of soy sauce, ginger, black vinegar, and sesame oil. 

    Rico Fish and Bean Sprouts in Chile Oil
    Fileted delicate white fish, bean sprouts, scallions, and hot red chiles are the heart of this incredibly delicious Taiwanese dish.  When I saw the oily liquid in the bowl, I thought I might not care for this.  Boy, was I wrong!   

    Rico Taiwanese Pork Chop
    Up until now, Mexico Cooks! has been fairly unfamiliar with even the most common specialities from Taiwan.  This Taiwanese pork chop is a staple recipe from any restaurant or home menu.  Given that these pork chops are relatively easy to make, you might want to try them at home.  This recipe (courtesy of Allrecipes.com) will give you chops similar to the ones that Rico Food serves.

    Taiwanese Pork Chops

    Ingredients

    • 4 (3/4 inch) thick bone-in pork chops
    • 2 tablespoons soy sauce
    • 1 tablespoon minced garlic
    • 1 tablespoon sugar
    • 1/2 tablespoon white wine
    • 1/2 tablespoon Chinese five-spice powder
    • vegetable oil
    • vegetable oil for frying

    Directions

    1. With a sharp knife, make several small slits near
      the edges of the pork chops to keep them from curling when fried.
    2. Into a large resealable plastic bag, add the soy
      sauce, garlic, sugar, white wine, and five-spice powder. Place chops
      into the bag, and close the seal tightly. Carefully massage the marinade
      into chops, coating well. Refrigerate at least 1 hour, turning the bag
      over every so often.
    3. In a large skillet, heat enough vegetable oil to
      fill the skillet to a depth of about 1/2 inch. Remove chops from
      resealable bag without wiping off marinade. Lightly sprinkle cornstarch
      on both sides of the chops.
    4. Carefully add chops to skillet; cook, turning once, until golden brown on both sides and cooked through.

    Serves four.

    Rico Taiwanese Rice
    Steamed white rice with special Taiwanese sauce accompanied our meal.

    Our comida (Mexico's main meal of the day) a few weeks ago at Rico Food celebrated the birthday of one of our group and offered her and two of our other companions their first taste of the restaurant's wonderful dishes.  Our friends Alejandro and Allyson recently returned from several years in China; owner Julio Lai was astonished to be able to speak to both of them in Mandarin Chinese.  Long conversation, special off-menu treats, and an introduction to Julio's beautiful wife ensued.  Alejandro helped me talk with Julio, who promptly adopted me as his 'mamá mexicana'  I'm proud to say that my new son is an altogether superlative cook!

    Rico Steamed Black Sesame Buns
    Last but very definitely not least, our dessert left all of us tremendously satisfied.  Steamed sweet black sesame paste buns were the perfect ending, the final touch to a magical meal.

    Rico Food Exterior Alejandro Linares García
    Exterior of Rico Food, Colonia Del Valle, Mexico City.  The signage says
    that Rico Food is a Chinese restaurant, but many of the specialties are
    from Taiwan.  Photo courtesy Alejandro Linares García.

    Restaurante Rico Food
    Av. Coyoacán 426
    Col. Del Valle
    Del. Benito Juárez
    Mexico City
    Tel. 5682-9220 or 5682-9989
    Monday through Sunday, Noon until 10PM

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Cooking Classes at Taller Zirita in Morelia, Michoacán: Traditional Cuisine of Michoacán

    Zirita Benedicta en el Mercado San Juan, Morelia
    Many people–Mexico Cooks! included–believe that maestra Benedicta Alejo Várgas is the finest traditional cook in the state of Michoacán.  Here, maestra Benedicta explains some of the finer points of Morelia's Mercado San Juan to a Zirita taller (workshop) cooking class.  For Zirita workshops, maestra Benedicta wears typical Purépecha dress: elegant knife-pleated skirt, hand-embroidered lace apron, and a beautiful lacy blouse.  She has her rebozo (long rectangular shawl) folded on her head to keep her hands free and as protection from the sun.

    Zirita Colores de la Cocina
    A few colorful, traditional pots and ingredients in Taller Zirita's outdoor kitchen.  The ingredients include (from left) round, juicy Mexican limones (Key limes), dark green chiles serranos, bright red jitomates (Roma tomatoes), and just-picked green-and-gold flor de calabaza (squash blossoms).

    This past May, Mexico Cooks! was honored to be part of the opening at Taller Zirita, Cynthia Martínez's incredibly beautiful cooking school in Morelia, Michoacán.  At that time, we were pleased to show you photos of the exquisite environment of a Zirita cooking class.  I'm excited to report that I have now been part of two Zirita culinary workshops, both offered with maestra Benedicta at the helm.

    Zirita Carolina con Ingredientes
    The delightful and talented Carolina Salazar Valle is part of the culinary teaching team at Zirita.  In front of her on the counter, you see the printed recipes given to each attendee, as well ingredients for a few of the dishes that are her part of the day's workshop.

    Our list of recipes for each of the days I participated at Zirita included this menu:

    • chiles rellenos de uchepos (Poblano chiles stuffed with sweet corn tamales)
    • corundas (traditional dried corn tamales with swiss chard and carrots)
    • chorizo de Huetamo con salsa de mango (Huetamo-style spicy sausage with mango sauce)
    • col de árbol dos maneras (wild cabbage prepared two ways)
    • mole de queso de Benedicta (Benedicta's cheese mole)
    • paquesos (sweets for dessert made of ground wheat and piloncillo [Mexican brown sugar cones])

    Our workshop group, divided in two parts, prepared all of these traditional Michoacán delicacies and then enjoyed platefuls of everything we had prepared as our marvelous comida (main meal of the day).

    Zirita Benedicta Amasando Corundas
    Maestra Benedicta showed our group how to knead the masa (corn dough) we used to prepare corundas.  The masa is kneaded with grated, aged Cotija cheese, salt, shredded fresh acelgas (Swiss chard), and finely diced fresh carrots.  She said, "Watch and listen.  The masa will speak to you when it's ready to use."  She was right: when she had kneaded the masa enough, it began to squeak as it pulled away from the bottom of the batea (wooden bowl).  We carefully cleaned both sides of long corn leaves (right side of photo), used to wrap the corundasMaestra Benedicta told us that there were two different sides to a corn plant's leaf: one side is smooth, the other is fuzzy.  The balls of masa that are transformed by steam into corundas are placed on the smooth side.

    Zirita Benedicta Wraps a Corunda
    Maestra Benedicta wraps a ball of masa into the corn leaf.  Each corunda can have three, five, or seven picos (points) which are formed by the way the corn leaf is wrapped.  It's rare to see a corunda with seven picos, but maestra Benedicta has the necessary wrapping skill.

    Zirita Corundas in the Olla
    The corundas are stacked in their clay pot to steam.  The lid will be a clay bowl that fits snugly into the pot opening.  Maestra Benedicta does not use a vaporera (steam pot).  Instead, she places a bundle of very small pine branches at the bottom of this clay pot, then a cushioning layer of the leftover ribs ripped lengthwise from the center of each of the corn leaves, then the water for steaming, then the corundas.  Nothing goes to waste in her kitchen: everything has a use.

    Zirita Corundas on the Plate
    Fluffy, hot-out-of-the-pot and freshly unwrapped corundas con acelgas y zanahorias, served with a molcajete-made sauce.  The molcajete is a three-legged volcanic stone mortar which is used with its own volcanic stone tejolote (pestle).

    Zirita Chorizo con Mango y Chile 2
    While the corundas steamed in their clay pot, Carolina taught us to make chorizo de Huetamo con salsa de mango.  We ate this dish spooned onto crisp corn tostadas for a simple, spicy, and delicious appetizer.

    Zirita Col de Árbol en el Fuego
    One group of students prepared col de árbol two different ways, cooked (in this photo the potful has just been put on the fire) and as a raw salad with vinegar and crumbled cheese.  Both preparations were magnificent.

    Zirita Paranguas
    Elvira, one of maestra Benedicta's daughters, minds the cooking fire; her own daughter Imelda is at her side.  Many traditional Purépecha cooks continue to cook outdoors over a fragrant wood fire.  Special long stones form the parangua (sacred cooking area); smaller stones form the fogón (support for the pot). 

    Zirita Imelda Moliendo
    A Purépecha girl is never too young to learn ancient techniques: maestra Benedicta's two-year-old granddaughter Imelda has her own miniature metate y mano (grinding stone and rolling pin made of volcanic rock) and is learning to grind corn for masa by watching and imitating her grandmother and her mother.  Maestra Benedicta learned these same techniques from her grandmother.  The Purépecha kitchen has always been taught by oral tradition, recipes and techniques passing from grandmother to daughters and from a mother to her own daughters.

    Zirita Periodistas 27-9-12
    Our class on September 27, 2012, was made up of 17 professional journalists from all over the world.  They were visiting Morelia for the 2012 Feria Internacional de Turismo Cultural.

    Zirita Masaya Arakawa con Elote
    Professor Masaya Arakawa was visiting from Takarazuka City, Hyogo, Japan, to learn more about Michoacán cuisine.  He joined our class on September 13, 2012. 

    Zirita Chiles Rellenos con Uchepos 2
    A chile relleno con uchepo–a roasted and peeled chile poblano, stuffed with diced leftover and toasted uchepos (sweet corn tamales) mixed with toasted almonds, raisins, and crema de mesa (Mexican table cream).  To drink?  Mezcal, artisan-made in Michoacán!

    Zirita Mole de Queso de Benedicta
    Maestra Benedicta's award-winning mole de queso, ready to serve.  This mole is made with Cotija cheese and has a sharp, pleasant taste.

    Zirita Paquesos 1
    Paquesos for dessert: marble-size balls made of ground toasted wheat berries, piloncillo (Mexican brown sugar cones), canela (Mexican cinnamon), and a little water.  We made the balls and then rolled them in a little reserved ground wheat.

    Zirita Benedicta en Rayo de Sol
    Maestra Benedicta toasts chile negro on the comal (in this case, a large clay griddle).

    Saveur Magazine's Issue 149 is devoted entirely to Mexico's enormous array of food and drink.  On page 80 of that issue, the editors write about Zirita Culinary Experiences: "Restaurateur Cynthia Martínez has created a shrine to the cuisine of small-town Michoacán.  In outdoor kitchens over woodburning stoves, visitors learn to grind corn on a metate, press tortillas, and cook them on a comal, guided by practiced home cooks."  One of a mere handful of Saveur-recommended cooking schools in Mexico, Zirita will give you a taste of everything you love about Mexico's cooking: its heart, its soul, and its deep, ancient flavors.  Reserve your spot now for an upcoming class.  There's nothing remotely like it anywhere else!

    Zirita Culinary Experiences
    Morelia, Michoacán
    http://www.zirita.com.mx (website and classes offered in Spanish and English)

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours

  • What’s the Real Story on Mexico’s Mealtimes? Cena (Supper) at the End of Day.

    DF Camotero 1
    The man who operates this cart in Mexico City's Centro Histórico (Historic Center) wheels his baked plátanos y camotes (bananas and sweet potatoes) around during the day.  In residential areas, when downtown businesses are closed, you are most likely to hear the steam whistle's raucously high-pitched TWEEEEEEEEEEET during mid-to-late evening hours. Each plateful is either a roasted banana or a sweet potato dripping with sweetened condensed milk.  Enlarge the photo to get a better look at the front of the vehicle, where the bananas and sweet potatoes are kept warm over the cart's firebox.

    Cena (supper) in Mexico is a mixed bag.  For an ordinary cena at home, it's a tiny meal: a cup of hot chocolate or hot milk, a pan dulce (sweet bread), or a quick taco made with what's left over from comida (the main meal of the day).  Comida being the large meal that it usually is, cena is meant only to tide you over from just before bedtime till early the next morning.

    Rose Tacos al Pastor
    If you're out partying till the wee hours, a few tacos al pastor (shepherd-style marinated pork tacos) on the street might be just the ticket for your cena.  Note the whole pineapple at the top of the trompo (vertical spit).  The pineapple cooks along with the meat–see the gas grate behind the cone of meat?–and the taquero (taco cook) tosses a few small sweet slices into your grill-warmed tortilla.  Top with red or green salsa, a pinch of sea salt, and a shower of minced onion and cilantro for a taste of heaven.

    Encuentro Buñuelos
    Buñuelos are another favorite food for cena, either eaten at a cenaduría (supper spot) or purchased from a street vendor.  Some people still make them at home–the dough is very similar to that of a wheat flour tortilla, stretched over the round bottom of a clay pot till thin.  Traditionally, the dough is stretched over the maker's knee to achieve each buñuelo's large size and round shape!  They are usually served either whole and dusted with granulated sugar or broken into pieces in a bowl and drizzled with piloncillo (brown sugar) syrup.

    Conchas
    Conchas (pan dulce), reposted from the breakfast article: food for cena is often the same food we eat for desayuno.

    Just as an aside: in addition to cena, some people in Mexico still partake of merienda, a light snack that can come sometime between comida and cena.  This 'light snack' can be as simple as a couple of cookies and a cup of té de manzanilla (chamomile tea) or it can be a more complex offering similar to an English tea.  Mexico Cooks! will leave the question of how to find stomach room for merienda up to you.

    Atole de Grano en Cazo
    Not all food eaten for cena is sweet.  Case in point: this Pátzcuaro, Michoacán specialty is atole de grano, a savory corn soup that's colored and flavored with anise.

    Rosewood Hotel SMA
    The 1826 Restaurant at the Rosewood Hotel in San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato, is an enticing spot for cena whether it's a romantic evening for you and your main squeeze or whether you are supping with a group of friends.

    Cynthia Mesa de Cerca
    In February, Mexico Cooks! and a group of friends attended a gala Valentine's Day cena at Restaurante Los Danzantes in Coyoacán, Mexico City.  The dinner was presented by Cynthia Martínez and a team from Restaurante San Miguelito of Morelia, Michoacán.

    If you are invited to a cena baile (dinner dance) or a cena de gala
    (black tie dinner)at a restaurant, events center, or private home, your
    hosts will pull out all the stops.  Champagne, beautiful entradas (appetizers), a superb multi-course meal, snazzy dessert, alcoholic beverages and music are de rigeur.

    JASO Mexico Cooks! Research
    Mexico Cooks! researches possibilities for an elegant cena at Restaurante JASO, Colonia Polanco, Mexico City.  As my beloved wife (photo below) always says, "It's a tough job, but somebody has to do it."

    Dulce Patria Judy Gorgeous
    Expect to gussy up in your elegant best when you are out for a special cena.

    From street tacos to stilletos and tuxedos, cena in Mexico will keep you going till morning.  Provecho!

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

     


     

  • Pozole Moctezuma in Mexico City: Tell’em Mexico Cooks! Sent You

    Pozole Moctezuma Timbre
    The block-long portion of Calle Moctezuma in Colonia Guerrero where the restaurant sits is just off Av. Reforma.  It's right there in plain sight, but where?  Mexico Cooks!' taxi driver missed it twice before he pulled up in front, and even then he couldn't believe we were anyplace we really wanted to be. There's no sign and no indication that the restaurant is anywhere on the block.  Other restaurants, yes–but not the one you are looking for!  The word 'pozole' next to the buzzer at Number 12 is your only clue that you are indeed in the right place.

    Do the clandestine days of Prohibition appeal to you–those long-ago days when, if you wanted a snootful of booze runner's gin, you had to know somebody who knew somebody who knew where the gin joint was?  "Joe sent me," was the joke of the era–knock three times, the little window in the door slid open, and if you were in the right place, knew the right people, and had the right look, you got in for a drink or two or three.

    Something of those days continues to exist in Mexico City: not a gin joint, but a 65-year-old hidden and semi-secret restaurant very near the Centro Histórico.  One of your capitalino friends will have been there; finding the address is still by word of mouth.  Once you're pretty sure you're in the right place, buzz the doorbell marked 'pozole', and the door creaks open.  Aha!  Pozole estilo Guerrero–state of Guerrero style pozole–will soon be your comida (main meal of the day).

    Cabeza de Puerco, Pátzcuaro Feb 2011
    All of the best pozole starts with cabeza de puerco (a pig's head).  Nothing else gives pozole its rich flavor and consistency.

    If you've been following Mexico Cooks! for quite a while, you'll probably remember our 2008 article about Doña María Medina's pozole estilo Jalisco.  Jalisco-style pozole is almost always red, colored and flavored by chile guajillo and usually prepared with dried red corn. Until a few weeks ago, Jalisco-style pozole was the only kind Mexico Cooks! had eaten.  Not any more!  We have now partaken of other pozole pleasures.

    The caldo (soupy part) of Guerrero-style pozole is green, more often than not, and prepared in part with pepitas (squash seeds).  The dried, nixtamalize-d (soaked with builder's lime and water) corn is white, not red.  The flavor is much milder than that of Jalisco-style pozole, and the accompaniments are decidedly different.

    Pozole Moctezuma Comensales
    Our group of comensales (diners)–in this instance, happy fellow pozole-slurpers and good friends.  From left in the photo: Judith McKnight, photographers Sergio Mendoza Alarcón and Bertha Herrera, journalist Rubén Hernández, and journalist Nadia Luna.  The empty chair is mine, and we were later joined by the delightful gastronomer Silvia Kurczyn. 

    If you are interested in preparing a delicious meal for your friends and family–especially good on a cool fall day, a chilly winter day, or on one of Mexico City's cool, rainy summer afternoons–pozole estilo Guerrero is just the ticket.  There are many recipes available on the Internet, both in Spanish and English–not necessarily the exact family recipe used at Pozole Moctezuma, but delicious nonetheless.

    Pozole Moctezuma Tostadas de Chorizo
    Our group indulged in several appetizers: an entire plateful of very fine rolled tacos de chorizo (chorizo is a spicy pork sausage, in this case house-made) and laden with finely chopped onion and fresh cilantro–plus a squeeze of fresh limón), disappeared before I could snap its picture.  I pulled the second appetizer plate over to me as soon as it arrived at table; this plate is filled with tostadas de frijoles refritos con chorizo y tomate (crispy tortillas with refried beans, the same chorizo used in the tacos, and thinly sliced tomatoes).  I could have eaten all six tostadas, they were that delicious.  The yellow plate in the background holds freshly made chicharrón (fried pork skin) to eat by itself or to add to the pozole.

    Pozole Moctezume Pozole Servido
    Each of us ordered the medium-size pozole, more than enough for medium-size appetites or for folks who had already eaten several appetizers.  Compare the size of the bowl with the good-size avocado behind it.  Our bowlsful, replete with rich pork meat, nixtamal-ized corn, and Guerrero-green broth, arrived at table just as you see this one.  Behind the bowl at left are a plate of chicharrón (rear), a plate of plain tostadas, and, to the right, the avocado. 

    Pozole Moctezuma Pozole
    My bowl of pozole after adding condiments.  I know the green in the center looks like broccoli, but in reality it is pieces of avocado just spooned out of the skin.  Also in the bowl are a sprinkle of oregano, a sprinkle of chile piquín, a spoonful each of minced onion and chile serrano, and a bit of chopped cilantro. On the back edge of the bowl (at twelve o'clock) is a piece of chicharrón gordo, with a creamy square of deep-fried pork meat still attached.  Next to the chicharrón is a tostada smeared with thick crema (Mexican table cream), sprinkled with just a bit of the same chile piquín.  In the bowl itself, just in front of the green avocado, is a slice of sardine.  Its slightly fishy saltiness added the perfect je-ne-sais-quoi to the pozole.  According to my compañeros de mesa (dining companions), pozole estilo Guerrero is often served with a sardine accompaniment.  The various elements of the pozole represent all of the elements of the state, including the high plains, the jungle, and the coast.

    Pozole Moctezuma Jerónimo Alvaro Garduño
    This restaurant, with well over 65 years of history behind it, has been witness to countless events important to Mexico City and the country as a whole.  Here, history has been made and history has been changed, young men propose to their girlfriends and politicians plan their campaigns.  During one crucial comida, the guns of opposing political factions had to be checked at the door.  Jerónimo Álvarez Garduño, the gallant great-grandson of the founder, is executive chef of the restaurant that got its start long before he was born.  Its beginnings, in the kitchen and living room of his great-grandmother's upstairs apartment (Number 6), were hidden from public view for the security of the restaurant's clients.  Álvarez Garduño works together with his parents, Yolanda Garduño and Guillermo Álvarez López, to ensure that the great Guerrero tradition of "jueves pozolero" (pozole Thursday) continues in Mexico City.

    Pozole Moctezuma Postre

    Things are not always what they seem: arroz con huevo estrellado (rice with sunny-side up fried egg) is a typically Mexican dish–served in an atypical form at Pozole Moctezuma.  Here, it's dessert: arroz con leche topped with a syrupy peach half.

    Pozole Moctezuma Anís
    After comida, ask for café de olla–normally, a special Mexican coffee sweetened in the pot with piloncillo (raw brown sugar) and cinnamon.  At Pozole Moctezuma, you will be served instead with a glass of anise liqueur, a few roasted coffee beans floating on top.  The restaurant has never had a liquor license, but some alcoholic beverages by other names are available: a refrescada (mezcal with grapefruit soda) to start your meal, beer to go with your pozole, and this lovely café de olla to finish your meal.  Soft drinks are also served.

    Pozole Moctezuma is a true, rich taste of Mexico City's yesteryear.  By all means, if you are visiting the city, go.  You'll be so glad you did.

    Pozole Moctezuma
    Moctezuma #12 (Ring the bell to be admitted)
    Colonia Guerrero
    Distrito Federal
    Monday through Saturday 2PM – 7PM
    Pozole verde on Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday
    Reservations: 5526-7448

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours

  • Mexican Independence Day: Chiles en Nogada (Poblano Chiles in Walnut Sauce), It’s What’s for Dinner

    Chiles en Nogada
    Chiles en nogada (stuffed chiles poblanos in walnut sauce), Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.  Photo by Mexico Cooks!.

    For the entire month of September, Mexico celebrates its independence with parades, parties, and traditional food and drink in restaurants and at home.  One of the most festive recipes connected with Mexico's Independence Day holiday is for chiles en nogada, a magnificent tribute to the seasonal availability of granadas (pomegranates) and nuez de Castilla (freshly harvested walnuts). From mid-July until early October, fresh pomegranates and newly harvested walnuts make chiles en nogada possible.  Spicy chiles poblano, stuffed with a fruity picadillo and topped with richly creamy walnut sauce and pomegranate seeds, flaunt the brilliant green, white and red of the Mexican flag.

    This festive dish is traditionally served on September 15 or 16 in honor of Mexico's Independence Day, though it is popular anytime in the late summer and early fall. During August and September in the highlands of Mexico, particularly on the streets bordering open-air markets in Mexico City and Puebla, village women can be seen sitting on blankets painstakingly peeling off the brown skin from each individual walnut. It is important to use the freshest walnuts possible, as they produce such a creamy, rich sauce that it is worth the effort demanded to peel them.  Yes, although the recipe is not difficult, it is definitely time-consuming…but you and your guests will jump up and shout "VIVA!" when you have licked the platters clean.

    Ingredientes
    In Mexico, locally grown peaches, pomegranates, and walnuts are in season during the late summer and early fall.

    Ingredients

    For the Meat 

    • 2 pounds beef brisket or other stew meat or 1 pound beef and 1 pound pork butt 
    • 1 small white onion, quartered 
    • 2 large cloves garlic 
    • about 1 Tbsp sea salt

     For the Picadillo 

    • 4 Tbsp safflower or canola oil
    • 1/3 cup chopped white onion
    • 3 large cloves garlic, minced
    • 1/2 tsp ground cinnamon 
    • 1/4 tsp freshly ground black pepper
    • 1/8 tsp ground cloves
    • 3 heaping Tbsp raisins
    • 1 or 2 chiles serrano, finely minced
    • 2 Tbsp chopped walnuts or pecans
    • 2 Tbsp chopped candied pineapple
    • 1 fresh pear, peeled and chopped
    • 1 apple, peeled and chopped
    • 1 large potato, peeled and diced
    • 3 large, ripe tomatoes, roasted, peeled and chopped
    • sea salt to taste

    Chiles_poblanos

    For the Chiles 

    • 6 large, very fresh chiles poblanos , roasted, peeled, and seeded, leaving the stem intact 

     For the Nogada (Walnut Sauce)

    • 1 cup fresh walnuts
    • 6 ounces queso doble crema or cream cheese (not fat free) at room temperature 
    • 1-1/2 cups crema mexicana or 1-1/4 cups sour cream thinned with milk 
    • about 1/2 tsp sea salt or to taste
    • 1 Tbsp sugar   
    • 1/8 tsp ground cinnamon 
    • 1/4 cup dry sherry (optional)

    Granadas

    For the Garnish 

    • 1 Tbsp coarsely chopped flat-leaf parsley
    • 1/2 cup fresh pomegranate seeds

    Procedure

    Cut the meat into large chunks, removing any excess fat. Place the meat into a large Dutch oven with the onion, garlic, and salt. Cover with cold water and bring to a boil over medium-high heat. Skim off any foam that collects on the surface. Lower the heat and allow the water to simmer about 45 minutes, until the meat is just tender. Take the pot off the stove and let the meat cool in the broth. Remove the pieces of meat and finely shred them.

    Warm the oil in a large, heavy skillet and sauté the onion and garlic over medium heat until they turn a pale gold. Stir in the shredded meat and cook for five minutes. Add the cinnamon, pepper, and cloves, then, stir in the raisins, the two tablespoons of chopped walnuts. Add the chopped pear, apple, and potato, and mix well. Add the tomatoes and salt to taste, and continue cooking over medium-high heat until most of the moisture has evaporated. Stir often so that the mixture doesn't stick. Let cool, cover, and set aside. The picadillo may be made a day or two in advance.

    Azul Histórico Chile en Nogada Mixto 18 agosto 2012
    At Mexico City's lovely Restaurante Azul/Histórico, the chiles en nogada are served with either sweet or savory walnut sauce or with both, one sauce at each end of the chile.  The waitstaff brings a tray of un-sauced chiles to the table; each diner picks the chile he or she wants to eat.  The sauces are ladled on from enormous bowls, the waitstaff sprinkles your chile with pomegranates and tops each one with a large sprig of flat-leaf parsley.  Chiles en nogada are on the menu until the end of September.

    Make a slit down the side of each chile, just long enough to remove the seeds and veins. Keep the stem end intact. Drain the chiles, cut side down, on paper towels until completely dry. Cover and set aside. The chiles may be prepared a day in advance.

    At least three hours in advance, put the walnuts in a small pan of boiling water. Remove from the heat and let them sit for five minutes. Drain the nuts and, when cool, rub off as much of the dark skin as possible. Chop into small pieces. Place the nuts, cream cheese, crema, and salt in a blender and purée thoroughly. Stir in the optional sugar, cinnamon, and sherry until thoroughly combined. Chill for several hours.

    El Portalito Chile en Nogada
    Another beautifully presented, absolutely delicious, and very large serving of chile en nogada, this time at Fonda El Portalito in Colonia la Condesa, Mexico City.  For a mere 90 pesos, your menú del día (complete meal of the day) includes a basket of fresh bread, two salsas, choice of two soups, either rice or spaghetti, the chile en nogada, all the agua fresca you want, and a little cup of gelatin dessert.  At El Portalito, chiles en nogada are available throughout the month of September.

    Preheat the oven to 250ºF. When ready to serve, reheat the meat filling and stuff the chiles until they are plump and just barely closed. Put the filled chiles, covered, to warm slightly in the oven. After they are warmed to room temperature, place the stuffed chiles (cut side down) on a serving platter or on individual plates, cover with the chilled walnut sauce, and sprinkle with the parsley leaves and the pomegranate seeds.

    This dish may be served at room temperature, or it may be served chilled. It is rarely if ever served hot.

    Photos 2, 3, and 4 courtesy of Jesús Guzmán Moya, M.D., of Puebla, Puebla, México.  Enjoy more of Dr. Guzmán's lovely photos here.  Gracias, amigo Chucho!  And have a look here for more traditional Mexican recipes.

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  • Mesamérica 2012: Mexican Gastronomic Summit (Cumbre Gastronómica de México 2012) DAY FOUR

    Mesamérica 4 QueBo
    Chef José Ramón Castillo, premier chocolate maker and proprietor of the extraordinary chocolate shop and restaurant QueBo! in Mexico City's Centro Histórico, opened the talks for Mesamérica Day Four with a demonstration that left the entire audience wishing for just one of his gorgeous bonbons.

    Mesamérica 4 QueBo Platillo
    Chef José Ramón prepared a dish of modernized and deconstructed tacos al pastor: roasted and fire-grilled pork perched on a tostada ring, a side of grilled pineapple, and the traditional accompaniments (chile serrano, radishes, cilantro, and onion).  The meat is topped with a warmed white chocolate bonbon filled with the gelatinized juices of the roasted pork.  The detailed preparation and presentation made everyone's mouth water as the fragrances of this spectacular dish wafted through the auditorium.

    Mesamérica 4 Rick Bayless 1
    The much-anticipated talk and presentation by chef Rick Bayless was absolutely worth the wait.  Since opening Frontera, his first Chicago restaurant, Chef Rick has refined both his culinary style and his understanding of authenticity.  His delineation (in Spanish) of thoughtful and thought-provoking ideas kept the crowd's attention to the end.

    He initially outlined four specific challenges to the home cook or restaurant chef who wants to prepare "authentic" Mexican food.

    • Outside Mexico, Mexican food is commonly understood to be 'fast food'.  Other than typical antojitos (little whims, generally corn masa based) Mexican food eaten in Mexico is very slow food.
    • Many of Mexico's fundamental ingredients are not available worldwide, although some (such as tomate verde (tomatillos) and masa de maíz (prepared corn dough) are accessible in parts of the United States.
    • It is necessary to achieve the flavors of Mexican dishes and then balance them.
    • The old concept of authenticity includes: (1) ingredients imported from Mexico; (2) old traditional recipes; and (3) no interference by the cook–in other words, no 'tweaking' the original recipes.

    Let's take a look at the example of transformation that Chef Rick prepared at Mesamérica. 

    Mexamérica 4 Traditional Tlayuda Oaxaqueña
    A traditional tlayuda oaxaqueña has a very large toasted corn base, similar to a tostada.  The base is topped with frijolitos negros refritos (refried black beans) and lots of quesillo (Oaxaca cheese).  The toppings of the tlayuda pictured above also include chorizo (spicy pork sausage, fried), sliced avocado, and crumbled queso fresco (a white cheese).  Photo courtesy Nileguide.

    Chef Rick then outlined his new–or perhaps better said, current–concept of authenticity.

    • the dish uses seasonal ingredients from the cook's surroundings
    • it expresses a deep understanding of culture, environment, or craft.  It focuses on the delicious and seduces the diner
    • the best authentic food always seduces

    Mesamérica 4 Rick Bayless Tlayuda de Cuchara
    Chef Rick Bayless's re-defined concept of Oaxaca's signature tlayuda.  He calls this "Tlayuda con Cuchara" (tlayuda you eat with a spoon).

    Chef Rick then proceeded to demonstrate his expression of the typical Oaxacan tlayuda.  While it contains ingredients that are similar to those we think of as traditional, it is served in a bowl and eaten with a spoon.  Frankly, folks, Mexico Cooks! is not convinced.  The flavor combination and complexity may be similar, but if you've been to Oaxaca and what you crave is a tlayuda, this isn't it.

    Rick Bayless gave a tremendous presentation that left me and the rest of the audience–about 2,000 people strong–both impressed with his thought processes and re-thinking what our own concepts are.  In June 2012, the Mexican government honored him with the Order of the Aztec Eagle, the highest award that Mexico can give to a foreigner.  The award was given "for his important work in the promotion and dissemination of cultural expressions of our country, internationally recognized, as is the national cuisine in general and Mexican cuisine in particular."  Congratulations, and so well deserved!

    Mesamérica 4 Alejandro Ruiz
    Chef Alejandro Ruiz explains a fine point of dinner preparation at his restaurant Casa Oaxaca, in the city of Oaxaca, Mexico.  It was a delight to see and hear Chef Alejandro working on the Mesamérica stage.  His talk focussed on clay and corn.

    Mesamérica 4 Fogón de Michoacán
    The setup for his demonstration involved hauling a Oaxacan hornilla (cookstove) all the way from Oaxaca.  The hornilla is similar to this fogón–along with its built-in clay comal (griddle)–used in Michoacán. 

    Mesamérica 4 Alejandro Ruiz Salsa Martejada
    While an assistant worked on making tortillas, Chef Alejandro prepared this salsa molcajeteajada (literally, sauce made in a molcajete).

    Mesamérica 4 Alejandro Ruiz Pescado
    One of the dishes that Chef Alejandro Ruiz prepared during his demonstration: mero (grouper), brushed with a sauce, wrapped in hoja santa (a subtle anise-flavored fresh leaf), then wrapped again in banana leaf, and finally wrapped in a thick 'tortilla' of clay and baked in the embers of the hornilla.  The fish is presented to the diner still in its clay wrap, along with a stone.  At table, use the stone to break open the clay wrap and release the fragrance and flavors of the fish.  Gorgeous!

    Mesamérica 4 John Sconzo by Peter Merelis
    John Sconzo is an anesthesiologist by profession and a photographer by avocation.  Photo courtesy Peter Merelis.

    After years of Internet friendship–we travel in similar online food circles–I was happy to meet John Sconzo, a long-time food aficionado.  I asked what he thought about Mesamérica.  He said, "I came to Mesamérica because I like cultures that are different from mine, from the food to the art to the whole environment.  Here, I heard so much optimism, felt so much energy.  The chefs are at once localists and globalists, and no one idea prevails, unless it is to preserve and support traditional cuisine.  This has definitely not been one-sided; everything from traditional preparation to the most modern cuisine has been represented.  I loved it."

    There was more, much, much more–too much to report, to tell you the truth.  Among the talks I didn't mention here: biologists Edelmira Linares and Robert Bye, designer Héctor Esrawe, Chef Ricardo Muñoz Zurita, and Chef Oswaldo Olivia, all from Mexico City, and Chef Rodolfo Guzmán of Chile, all of whom knocked my socks off.  I've left out the final presentation, given by Albert Adrià (brother of that other Adrià), who will soon be opening a restaurant in Mexico City.  Honestly, the three and a half day conference, with a new and fascinating speaker every 30 minutes, left me fascinated but exhausted. 

    Mesamérica 4 Lineup for 2013
    Onward to 2013: a partial lineup of the chefs already committed to participate next May at Mesamérica.  Meantime, congratulations on the first Mesamérica to Enrique Olvera and his entire team!

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

     

  • Mesamérica 2012: Mexican Gastronomic Summit (Cumbre Gastronómica de México 2012) DAY THREE

    Mesamérica 3 Paulina Abasacal Macetitas
    Mesamérica 2012 Day Three began with chef Paulina Abascal's sweet demonstration of completely edible dessert flower pots filled with organic pansies and mint leaves.  Above, the simple and attractive finished product.  Chef Paulina is a household name in Mexico, in large part due to her television appearances as a pastry chef.  Her recipes are frequently designed for and easily prepared by the home cook.

    Mesamérica NOMA Rosio Sánchez 1
    In an interesting juxtaposition of Day Three speakers, the talk given by world-reknowned pastry chef Rosio Sanchez of Noma (Copenhagen, Denmark) directly followed that of Paulina Abascal.  Chicago native Chef Rosio (that is how she spells her name) is only 28 years old, but she has already been part of the restaurant team at Chicago's Alinea and then served as sous-pastry chef at WD-50 in New York.  She started as head pastry chef at Chef René Redzepi's stellar restaurant Noma in 2009.

    Mesamérica 3 Noma Interior Tomislav Medak Flickr
    A brief explanatory digression: the San Pellegrino "World's 50 Best Restaurants" competition has named Noma the number one restaurant in the world in 2010, 2011, and 2012.  The annual award is a compilation of the opinions of more than 800 international restaurant industry experts. What constitutes "best" is left to the judgment of these trusted and well-travelled gourmets.  Noma interior, photo courtesy Tomislav Medak.

    Mesamérica 3 Noma Rosio-Sanchez-Bitters---Gammel-Dansk
    Gammel Dansk dessert of cucumber, celery, Gammel Dansk liquor, and white chocolate.  Gammel Dansk is a bitters liquor and was originally created to become a competitor on the Danish market to other bitters such as Underberg and Fernet Branca.  It is aged with 29 types of herbs, spices and even flowers. The herbs and spices include angelica, star anise, nutmeg, anise, ginger, laurel, gentian, Seville orange and cinnamon, and several others. The complete recipe is kept secret. 

    Chef Rosio talked eloquently about dessert as a desire rather than a necessity.  She spoke about sugar itself as a mental stimulant, a treatment for abstinence, and as a pleasure.  She reminded us that we remember our childhood dessert favorites as almost inevitably cake or ice cream, but that often as adults we often prefer fruit.  Her philosophy and talent shone through her presentation and captivated both the sensory and intellectual sides of the audience.

    Mesamérica 3 BIKO 1
    Chefs Mikel Alonso, Bruno Oteiza, and Gerard Bellver of Restaurante Biko in Mexico City.  Biko opened its doors in 2008 and is included in the 2012 San Pellegrino "World's 50 Best Restaurants" list at number 38.  The restaurant continues to carry on its traditions: the value of the original product, technique, and their characteristic identity.

    Mesamérica 3 BIKO 2
    It was a pleasure to watch the Biko chefs create this beautiful dish, purely Mexican in concept and purely Biko in execution.

    Mesamérica 3 SWALLOW 1
    SWALLOW Magazine's October issue will feature Mexico City.  Mexico Cooks! got to leaf through the mock-up copy you see on the big Mesamérica screen.  If you live where you can buy a copy, run-do-not- walk to your newsstand as soon as the magazine hits the shelves.  It is creative, innovative, clever, imaginative–in one word, brilliant.

    Mesamérica 3 James Casey SWALLOW
    James Casey, the SWALLOW founder and editor, publishes two issues per year of the magazine.  Casey, born and raised in Hong Kong, really gets it about culinary life in the Distrito Federal, Mexico's enormous capital city.  His talk and video presentation created a high energy atmosphere at Mesamérica–think a joyously screaming, whistling, cheering crowd of more than 2,000.  Everything he said touched a happy nerve in the audience.   All the photos he projected were of bars, taco stands, and iconic culinary relics of Mexico City.  I can hardly wait to see the magazine again!

    Mesamérica 3 Rancho Gordo Heirloom Beans
    It's really hard for me to write about Rancho Gordo without tremendous pride.  I've known its founder, Steve Sando, since his New World Specialty Food company was just a glimmer in his eye.  Hearing him tell the story of his heirloom bean business at Mesamérica left me with a tear in my own eye and the pleasure of watching his welcome as a valuable member of the Mexican food world.  His partnership with Xoxoc, his fair trade practices, and his enormous appreciation for all things Mexico spoke to the Mesamérica audience of his high integrity and deep commitment to the ideals the audience believes in: support for the Mexican farm worker and the land and preservation of Mexico's milennia-old foods. 

    Mesamérica 3 Rancho Gordo Products
    Rancho Gordo products labelled for sale in Mexico.  And on the right, see the stack of three coladeras de barro (clay colanders) from Xoxoc?  The smallest one now graces the Mexico Cooks! kitchen.

    Mesamérica 3 Monica Patiño
    Chef Mónica Patiño, proprietor of Mexico City restaurants La Taberna del León, Naos, and Delirio.  Chef Mónica spoke about culinary responsibility to use seasonal products and to maintain what is Mexican in Mexico.  She urged the student chefs in the audience to be wary of being crushed by globalization.  Photo courtesy El Universal.

    If you review the three Mexico Cooks! articles about Mesamérica, it's easy to see that there is a thread–a bright golden thread–running through the speakers' topics: preserve the past, educate in the present, innovate for the future. 

    Next week: Day Four of Mesamérica, last but definitely not least in this August four-part series.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Mesamérica 2012: Mexican Gastronomic Summit (Cumbre Gastronómica de México 2012) DAY TWO

    Mesamérica 2 Daniel Ovadía
    Chef Daniel Ovadía and two of his assistants from Restaurante Paxia in Mexico City, on stage at Day Two of Mesamérica.  Like many of the new crop of notable chefs, Chef Daniel offered thoughts about using traditional Mexican ingredients in new ways.

    Mesamérica 2 Daniel Ovadía Pescado en Ceniza
    Chef Daniel Ovadía described one of his new creations as a "Mexican surf and turf".  It consists of Mexican-raised trout cooked in a coating of tortilla ash and plated with radishes shredded in the form of anguillas (eels), fresh setas (mushrooms), crystallized grapefruit peel, and native cilantro.  According to a recent article in the Wall Street Journal, 2012 may well be known as "the year of the ash".  Other chefs at Mesamérica also featured ash-y dishes.

    Mesamérica 2 Daniel Ovadía Plato México
    At the end of his presentation, Chef Daniel prepared this dish while a long poem was read.  Titled "Todos Queremos un México Mejor" ('Everyone Wants a Better Mexico'), the work is a compilation of answers received from the Paxia staff when asked, "What do you want for Mexico's future?"  Here are just a few lines:

    • Quiero un MEXICO libre de pensamiento, libres para decidir y actuar, para decir, sin ofender ni afectar a terceros. (I want a MEXICO with freedom to think, where we are free to decide and act–that is to say, without offending or affecting others.)
    • Es un trabajo de todos y no solo de gobierno, desafortunadamente el Mexicano es el que tiene
      que cambiar, el Mexicano es el que tiene que creer, que querer, no basta ni bastará jamás con
      solo pedirlo, soñarlo, imaginarlo o exigirlo a nuestros gobernantes, es una cuestión de credibilidad y lucha de todos, solo cambiando nuestra mentalidad a ser mejores Mexicanos
      y mejores seres humanos lograremos el cambio. (It's everyone's job, not just the government's, unfortunately we Mexicans are the ones who have to change, we Mexicans are the ones who have to believe, to want.  It's not enough nor will it ever be enough simply to ask, to dream, to imagine, or to insist on things from our government.  It's a question of credibility and it's everyone's battle, by only changing our mentality to be better Mexicans and better human beings will we be able to create the change.)
    • Queremos un MÉXICO que tenga gente orgullosa de ser mexicana, no porque deba ser así, sino porque seamos realmente admirables. Que la gente de otros países se alegre porque llegamos
      los mexicanos, a visitar o a trabajar. (We want a MEXICO that has people who are proud of being Mexican–not because they should be, but because we are truly admirable.  May people from other countries be overjoyed because we Mexicans are arriving on their shores, either to visit or to work.)

    The dish that Chef Daniel prepared is symbolic of Mexico's current troubles (the red spilling down the edge of the plate).  Each of the other ingredients is also symbolic of the hopes of those who shared their hopes for Mexico's future.  The dish is bathed in the celebratory white mole that is usually served at fiestas.

    Mesamérica 2 Connie Green Hongos Silvestres
    Wild mushroom expert Connie Green from Napa, California went foraging for Mexican mushroom samples at Mexico City's Mercado San Juan, where seasonal wild mushrooms are always available.  Central Mexico is currently in its rainy season; during this time of year, many wild mushrooms are plentiful.  Ms. Green was thrilled with what she found here.  She pointed out that there are over 3,400 Mexican names for varieties of wild mushrooms, and she was pleased to point out that the chanterelle mushrooms she found here are better than the variety available in Europe.

    Mercado SJ Morels de Michoacán
    Among other mushroom varieties at Mercado San Juan, Ms. Green was impressed to find fresh morillas (morelles) from Michoacán.  Ms. Green also mentioned that the amanita cesaria, one of the great mushrooms of the world, is common in Mexico but rare in Europe.  She also said that the tricholoma matsutake, the second most valuable mushroom in the world, is grown in Oaxaca but exported to Japan, where it is prized for its for its distinct spicy-aromatic odor.

    Mesamérica 2 Guillermo González Beristáin
    Chef Guillermo González Beristáin (Restaurante Pangea, Monterrey) gave a fascinating explanation of the long-ago origins of some common foods–goat, lamb, and wheat flour tortillas–in his city in far-northern Mexico.  Early Jewish settlers brought these foods, common to their native lands, to Mexico with them.  It was easy to understand the reason for goat and lamb, but wheat flour tortillas?  Chef Guillermo said that this new-world bread was reminiscent of old-world pita.  He also mentioned that in households with middle-Eastern origins, three trees are traditionally planted in the family garden: a fig tree (representing the family), a pomegranate tree (representing wisdom), and a lemon tree (representing resignation).  He was obviously moved as he told the audience that he now has one of each tree in his own Monterrey garden.

    Chef Guillermo also showed a video of himself and several companions truffle-hunting just outside Monterrey.  Because the climate is similar to that of the south of France, five varieties of truffles grow there, in symbiosis with local oak trees.  Only one variety is edible.  He mentioned that the gentleman who told him about local Monterrey truffles had never seen or tasted a European truffle until Chef Guillermo brought him one from France.

    Mesamérica 2 Diana Kennedy con Mark Miller
    Diana Kennedy greets Mark Miller shortly before her Mesamérica talk.  Mrs. Kennedy, British author of nine important books recounting the history and preparation of traditional Mexican dishes, is one of the most knowledgeable food historians in Mexico.

    Mrs. Kennedy, a well-recognized and important pillar in the world of Mexican food, spoke as she often does: frankly and directly to the point.  Her point at Mesamérica was, as she said, to speak the uncomfortable truth.  She said, "Mexican cuisine worries me, above all the ingredients that are being used.  It's a great scandal that so-called Mexican products are being imported from other countries."  She specifically mentioned chile guajillo and chile de árbol, both of which are being imported to Mexico from China, and flor de jamaica (hibiscus flowers, commonly used for agua fresca and other applications), which are being imported from the Sudan.  Mrs. Kennedy is outraged that buying foreign products undercuts the livelihood of Mexican producers and particularly the campesinos (field workers).  She ardently urged that foreign chiles and jamaica be boycotted in favor of their Mexican-grown counterparts.  Although she smiled as she shook her fist, it is obvious that Mrs. Kennedy is both passionate and angry–and rightly so–about any foreign takeovers of Mexico's ingredients.

    Mesamérica 2 Mark Miller, DK, Steve Sando, Cristina
    Mark Miller, Diana Kennedy, Steve Sando, and Mexico Cooks! at Mesamérica.  Photo courtesy John Sconzo, LLC.

    Next week: Day Three of Mesamérica.  Be there or be square–all your favorite chefs give it their all.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Mesamérica 2012: Mexican Gastronomic Summit (Cumbre Gastronómica de México 2012) DAY ONE

    Mesamérica 1 Enrique Olvera A Life Worth Eating
    Chef Enrique Olvera of highly acclaimed Restaurante Pujol in Mexico City is the founder and guiding light of Mesamérica.  Photo courtesy Adam Goldberg.

    Mesamérica, highly touted as the Mexican culinary event of the year, opened on July 24 with a gala inaugural dinner at Mexico City's St. Regis Hotel.  Forty or so rock-star chefs and other luminaries of the international gastronomic world converged on the city for five days of teaching conferences,food, drink, celebration, and general merry-making. 

    Mesamérica 1 Ricardo Muñoz Zurita Laughs
    Chef Ricardo Muñoz Zurita of restaurants Azul/Condesa and Azul/Histórico gave a few opening remarks on July 25.

    Mesamérica 1 Alicia Gironella d'Angeli
    Chef Alicia Gironella d'Angeli, who together with her husband Giorgio d'Angeli founded Restaurante El Tajín in Mexico City as well as the Slow Food movement in Mexico, spoke from her long perspective as grande dame of Mexico's culinary world during Mesamérica's inauguration.  In her talk, she quipped that she was speaking from her juventud acumulada–her accumulated youth.

    The Mesamérica 2012 program included chefs from countries as diverse as England, Denmark, Chile, Mexico, and the United States.  Names as well-known in Mexico as Diana Kennedy, Javier Plascencia, Mikel Alonso, and Mónica Patiño were among those who gave talks to the huge crowds–as many as 2,000 in attendance for each of two daily sessions.  The names of James Casey (editor of SWALLOW magazine), Lars Williams (Nordic Food Labs, Copenhagen), and The Young Turks (Great Britain), which would previously have elicited a "Who?" from me and most of the attending throngs were common currency by the end of the conference.

    Mesamérica 1 Javier Plascencia
    Chef Javier Plascencia of Restaurante Misión 19, Baja California, along with (below)
    Mesamérica 1 Jaír Téllez B&W
    Chef Jair Téllez from Restaurante Laja of Baja California and Restaurante MeroToro of Mexico City  shared the podium on opening day and together spoke eloquently about the need to invent tradition in Baja California.  Chef Javier said, "I am very much inspired by street food, and Tijuana has become a culinary destination.  We are living our dream."

    Mesamérica 1 Dishware ProEpta
    ProEpta Mexican baking and tableware shared commercial space with several other culinary arts businesses.

    Mesamérica 1 Lars Williams Vial
    Lars Williams, of Copenhagen's Nordic Food Lab, asked conference assistants to pass around pinches and liquid samples of flavors concocted of insect parts and essences.  During his talk, he said that the basic tenet of the Food Lab is–and I quote–"Trying to get gringos to eat bugs".  The tiny vial in the photo contains a liquid made from fermented grasshoppers.  It smelled and tasted like soy sauce.

    Next week, Mexico Cooks! will highlight chefs and other culinary professionals from Mesamérica Day Two.  Stay tuned!

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  • Traditional Baking at Lake Chapala

    Bakery_interior
    Two days a week, José Manuel Mora Velásquez continues a tradition that has been part of his family for more than 80 years. Long before dawn, he begins preparations for baking pan de tachigual, a type of bread so distinctly regional that Sr. Mora says that it has only been made in San Juan Cosalá and in Ajijic, (in the state of Jalisco, Mexico), although it's sold in other towns along the north shore of Lake Chapala.

    In years gone by, natives of those two towns did not allow a wedding, baptism, First Communion or confirmation to pass without tachigual as part of the festivity rituals. Although times are changing, even today the most traditional celebrations of these life passages include the humble local loaves.

    Sr. Mora showed me around the tiny bakery at his home in Ajijic. The ceiling is low and the only light comes from windows without glass. Loaves of freshly baked tachigual are piled high on a wooden shelf while dough rises in a warm corner, out of the way of any passing breeze.

    Rising_masa
    Tachigual loaves stuffed with nuts and raisins rise on the bakery shelves.

    "The oven is heated only by wood. It's not easy to keep a good supply of wood, but we collect it from all over the area. People usually tell me where a dry tree has fallen, or where someone has cut down a tree that will burn well when the wood is dry."

    "Which days of the week do you bake?" I asked.

    "Wednesdays, like today, and Saturdays. It's very time-consuming work and you have to pay very close attention to the masa (dough) or it won't turn out right." Sr. Mora turned to peer into the oven as he spoke to me.

    "A full twenty-four hours before I bake, I have to prepare the harina fermentada (starter). It's a mixture of flour and water. I mix that, and then it sits in the warm bakery for a full day before I can use it for the bread.

    "Early in the morning of the days I bake, I mix the dough. It's made with the starter dough I made the day before, plus additional flour, eggs, sugar, and lard. Some of the dough is made with whole wheat flour and some with white flour. The white flour dough has white sugar, raisins and toasted nuts blended into it. The whole wheat loaves are sweetened with piloncillo (cones of brown sugar)."

    Sr. Mora showed me how he weighs each of the ingredients to make the bread. "I don't measure. The bread is better if each component is weighed. How many kilos of flour I use depends on how many loaves I need to bake on any given day. Usually I make enough dough to produce 400 loaves a day.

    "Baking this traditional way is different from baking in a modern oven. The first difference, of course, is that the oven is made of bricks and clay. It's shaped like a beehive. And as I said before, I use wood fire for the heat. Temperature control is more difficult. I have to start the fire about three hours before the dough starts to bake. That's so the oven will reach the right temperature. It takes two hours for the coals to be at the right stage, then another hour for the temperature to go down enough so the bread will bake in the right amount of time."

    Bread_in_oven
    Tachigual bakes right on the floor of the brick beehive oven.

    I looked into the oven, which has no door, and saw that the baking bread was beginning to turn golden brown. "I don't see a thermometer, Sr. Mora. How do you know when the oven has reached the right temperature to begin baking?"

    Checking_the_oven
    Sr. Mora checks the oven to make sure the temperature is right.

    He laughed. "I put one loaf in to bake. It should be ready in about 30 to 40 minutes. If it takes longer than that, I put more wood on the fire. If it bakes too quickly, I wait a bit for the temperature to go down. Then I try again. Of course I've been doing this for so long that I can almost always tell when the temperature is right, but I still bake a trial loaf to be sure."

    I asked Sr. Mora if there were other tachigual bakers in Ajijic. "Yes, my cousin still makes this bread the old way. She lives on Calle Constitución and bakes on Tuesday and Thursday. I think we're the only two left in Ajijic who bake this bread. There is a family in San Juan Cosalá that still has a bakery, but I don't know them personally."

    Ojitos_rising
    Ojitos (little eyes) rise near the warmth of the oven.

    An article about the San Juan Cosalá bakers appeared several years ago in the Lake Chapala Spanish-language weekly newspaper, El Charal. At that time, Sra. Margarita Villalobos and one of her daughters were baking pan de tachigual for distribution and sale in San Juan, in Nestipac, and in Jocotepec. Sra. Villalobos told El Charal that as a young girl, she had learned to make tachigual from her mother. Her methods hadn't changed over the years, she said, because making the bread in the traditional way gives it the delicious flavor that people want. Sra. Villalobos said that someone had offered her an electric mixer to help beat the dough, but she was not interested in changing her style of preparation. "Other bakers make it using the same recipe I do, but they don't mix it by hand. Their results aren't the same," she reported.

    Ojitos_baked
    Sr. Mora's baking sheet is made of a flattened 5-gallon square tin can.

    Sr. Mora tells a similar story. "A woman named Teresa taught my aunt how to make tachigual, and my aunt taught me," he reminisced. "And now there's no one left to teach. My children don't want to be bakers. It's sad to think that I might be the last in the family to keep this tradition alive."

    Although Sr. Mora graciously told me about his work and the traditions of the bread he makes, there was never a time when he was not also paying strict attention to the rising loaves, the bread baking in the oven, and the bread that was cooling on primitive wooden shelves along three walls of the bakery. I watched quietly for a while as Sr. Mora worked.

    With one eye on the oven, he picked up an escobilla (double-ended straw brush) and started rhythmically sweeping the wood ash from each cool loaf of tachigual. As he cleaned each loaf, he placed it in a pile.

    Tlachigual
    When he noticed that the bread inside the oven had turned a deep golden brown, he set aside the escobilla and picked up a pala (literally a shovel, but in this case it resembled a long-handled wooden pizza peel). He used the pala to remove a metal tray holding the ojitos from the oven and placed it on a table near where I was standing. In one experienced and skillful motion, he scooped up as many small panes de tachigual as the pala would hold and transferred them from the oven to a shelf for cooling. With a similar movement, he loaded the pala with unbaked loaves of tachigual. Gently shoving the pala as far into the oven as he knew it needed to go so that the bread would bake evenly, he snapped his elbow back and the raw loaves landed evenly spaced on the oven floor. In just a few minutes he demonstrated skills he had acquired over his 22 years as a baker.

    The sweet smell of baking tachigual was making me very hungry. "Sr. Mora, do you take all of the bread to be sold at stores here in town?" I was hoping he'd say no, and I was not disappointed.

    "A lot of people come here to the bakery to buy bread. And the boys take some to be sold out on the streets in that washtub…" he gestured to a galvanized metal tub in the corner by the oven. "And of course some does go to stores around town."

    "What does the tachigual cost?" I was fingering some coins in my pocket.

    "The small loaves are four pesos, the big ones are ten pesos. And those mini-loaves are two pesos apiece. I sell the miniatures to mothers for little kids."

    Ready
    I bought four loaves, one large and three small. The large one came home with me and I took the three small ones to share with my neighbors. My car held the tantalizing scent of the fresh-baked bread for two days.

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