Category: Recipe

  • 9º Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán: Ninth Annual Festival of Traditional Michoacán Cooking

    On October 4, 5, and 6, 2013, the Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán celebrates its 10th anniversary.  In honor of the coming festival,
    for the next three weeks Mexico Cooks! will publish its articles
    about the most recent three years of the
    Encuentro.  In mid-October, you'll find the report of the 10th Anniversary Encuentro,
    right here on Mexico Cooks!. 


    Encuentro Alcatraces y Hongos Silvestres
    At the 9th Annual Festival of Traditional Michoacán Cooking (October 19-21, 2012), Mexico Cooks! photographed alcatraces (calla lilies), an ear of blue corn, and a basketful of hypomyces lactifluorum, known in English as lobster mushroom and in Spanish as trompa de puerco (pig's
    nose).  During Michoacán's rainy season, the mushrooms grow wild and are
    harvested in the pine forests around Lake Pátzcuaro.  The lilies grow
    in home gardens.  Point of interest: Alcatraz, the ominous sounding name
    of the infamous California prison, simply means calla lily.

    For the last six years, Mexico Cooks!
    has been a proud part of a uniquely Michoacán food festival.  This
    Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán was the impetus and the
    paradigm for which in 2010 UNESCO awarded Mexico's food Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
    status.  Every year, we feature stories and photos about the food that
    makes this festival an inimitable part of Mexico's richness.  Those
    stories are here: Fourth Annual Encuentro, Fifth Annual Encuentro, Sixth Annual Encuentro, Seventh Annual Encuentro, and Eighth Annual Encuentro.

    Encuentro Mercado Flor de Calabaza
    A huge bunch of freshly cut flor de calabaza
    (squash flowers), used in a variety of Michoacán's regional dishes. 
    Did you know that only the male flowers are cut for cooking?  The female
    flowers are left to develop into squash on the vines.

    Encuentro Mercado Ranas
    If asked about pre-Spanish conquest regional food, few people would think of
    frogs.  These great big frogs, for sale at Morelia's Mercado de
    Independencia on the Sunday of the Encuentro, are caught around Lake Pátzcuaro and skinned for traditional preparations.  Only the ancas de rana (frog legs) are eaten.

    This year, rather than focus primarily on festival food, Mexico Cooks!
    wants to introduce you to some of the now-elderly masters of
    Michoacán's regional home cooking, women who have annually brought the
    best of their family kitchens to the fair, who have proudly participated
    in the festivals, and who have given their hands, hearts, and hearths
    to the rescue and preservation of Michoacán's ingredients and
    techniques.

    Encuentro Doña Paulita
    Doña Paulita Alfaro Águilar lives in Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán.  She has participated in all of the Encuentros
    to date and has long operated her own restaurant.  We chatted for a
    while this year; she told me she thinks this might be her last Encuentro
    She told me that she is over 85 years old now and that in the last few
    months, her health has begun to be less trustworthy.  "I've had to go to
    doctors a lot lately.  And I don't feel as strong as I used to.  See, I
    have to walk with a cane."  When it was time to say our farewells, she
    added, "If I don't see you again next year, tell everyone I'm glad to
    know that so many people tasted my food."

    Update from the 10th Anniversary Edition of the Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán: Mexico Cooks! is sad to report that Sra. Paulita Alfaro Aguilar passed away during the course of the last year.  QEPD (rest in peace), querida Paulita, your presence is everywhere on the Encuentro grounds.  You leave an unfillable hole in our hearts.

    Doña Matilde Apolinar Hernández from Charapan, Michoacán.  Doña Matilde, who is also over 85 years old, prepared atápakua de queso (cheese in an herb-based sauce), atápakua de charales (tiny whole fish in an herb-based sauce), churipo (Purépecha beef soup), and atápakua de frijol (beans in an herb-based sauce) as well as corundas (Michoacán-style unfilled tamales).  She participated in the the 2012 competitions with atápakua verde (a green herb-based sauce).

    Encuentro Cuatro Elementos
    Doña Celia Moncitar Pulido shows us with her expressive hands one of the four elements of the Purépecha kitchen altar.  The mazorcas (dried ears of corn) and beans represent Mother Earth, who gives us our food.  Purépecha cooking–and eating–depend as much on spiritual elements as on earthly elements.

    Encuentro Doña Amparo
    Doña Amparo Cervantes, legendary cook from Tzurumútaro, Michoacán.  The 2011 Encuentro named Doña Amparo one of a handful of official maestras of the annual festival.  The small group of recognized maestras had won the Encuentro
    competitions so often–really, every year–that the organizing
    committee retired these fabulous cooks from competition.  Nonetheless,
    at nearly 90, Doña Amparo continued to cook (but not compete) at the 2012 Encuentro.  In addition to her participation at the Morelia event, she has also been an impetus and support for the cocina comunitaria (community kitchen) in Tzurumútaro, her hometown.  A few of her specialties are mole with chicken and rice, pork with strips of chile poblano, corundas, and uchepos.

    Encuentro Doña Ana María Gutiérrez Águilar
    Doña Ana María Gutiérrez Águilar and her husband, don Espiridión Chávez Toral, who live in Calzontzin, in the municipality of Uruapan.  At the 2012 Encuentro, I sat near the couple as we listened to a young and extremely talented woman sing a traditional Purépecha pirekua.  When the song was over, Doña Ana María asked the singer who wrote the song.  The singer mentioned a name.  Doña Ana María stood up and said, "No señor!  That song was written by my father, Valentín Gutiérrez Toral from Paricutín.  He was too poor to afford to have his pirekuas
    registered and most of them have been stolen.  I've sung them all my
    life, just as he taught them to me."  The young singer invited Doña Ana María to the stage, where she sang her father's song a capella and wowed the crowd.

    Encuentro Doña Lupita Mercado Independencia
    Doña
    Lupita works selling onions at Morelia's Mercado de Independencia.  At
    more than 85 years old, she continues to accompany her slightly younger
    sister to work.  When asked how much longer she hopes to be at the
    market, she smiled and merely shrugged.  "Hasta que Dios me de licencia."  ('As long as God lets me.')

    These beautiful and highly respected old women will not be with us
    forever.  It's far better to honor them while they are still with us
    than to carry flowers to them after they have gone.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • 8° Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán: Eighth Annual Michoacán Traditional Food Festival

    On October 4, 5, and 6, 2013, the Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán
    will celebrate its 10th anniversary.  In honor of the coming festival,
    for the next three weeks, Mexico Cooks! will publishing its articles
    about the prior three years of the
    Encuentro.  In mid-October, you'll find the report of the 10th Anniversary Encuentro,
    right here on Mexico Cooks!.  And if you can possibly get to the 10th
    Anniversary event, we'll publish all the details just as soon as we have
    them.  Meantime, save the dates: October 4, 5, and 6, 2013 in Morelia,
    Michoacán. 

    Encuentro Benedicta Alejo Muele
    Maestra Benedicta Alejo Vargas grinds cilantro and mint to prepare tzirita, a deliciously spicy botana (appetizer or snack) based on metate-ground chile seeds and various herbs. 

    For me, the days leading to the Eighth Annual Encuentro de Cocina
    Tradicional de Michoacán moved almost as slowly as the days leading to a
    five-year-old's Christmas morning.  This event celebrating the
    traditional cuisines of regional Michoacán, held annually during the
    first weekend of December, is the high point of my personal and
    professional year.

    Encuentro Chiles en la Mano
    Essentials of the Michoacán kitchen: clay pots, wooden utensils, a ventilador (fan) to urge the wood fire hotter, and the skilled hands of a cook.

    The Encuentro started life in 2004, sponsored by the Secretaría de Turismo and the Secretaría de Cultura del Estado de Michoacán
    as well as by several generous corporate sponsors.  During its eight
    years, it has grown and changed, evolving into the unique event that so
    many of us enjoy.  Although there are many different food festivals in
    Mexico, no other has the impact of the annual Encuentro.

    Encuentro Dos Maestras de la Cocina
    Maestra Amparo Cervantes (left) of Tzurumútaro and Señora Paulita Alfaro of Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro are two of several elegant and vital grandes damas
    (great ladies) of the Michoacán kitchen.  They pass their recipes and
    secrets of the kitchen to their daughters and granddaughters.

    In November 2010, UNESCO
    (the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural
    Organization) announced that Mexico, and particularly the state of
    Michoacán, had been officially inscribed on the Representative List of
    the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.  Since then, Michoacán
    regional cooks have proudly carried the banner of what is called el paradigma michoacano–the
    Michoacán paradigm.  UNESCO included those words in its award based on
    miliennia-old indigenous Purhépecha way of food preparation that has
    been preserved, protected, and promoted up to the present day.  The
    Michoacán paradigm is a model for other regional Mexican cuisines.

    Encuentro Tortillas Infladitas
    Freshly hand-made corn tortillas toasting on a wood-fire heated clay comal
    (griddle).  Note that the tortilla in the foreground is puffed up; this
    is a key sign of a properly made tortilla.  The tortilla will flatten
    out again as it toasts.  There are no tortillas like those hand-made in
    Michoacán.

    Encuentro Mazorcas Hilo Rojo
    Much
    of Michoacán's regional cuisine is based on Mexico's native corn. 
    These dried ears, hung up to decorate a festive food stand at the 2010 Encuentro, show just a few of the several colors of corn native to this area.  The preservation of native corn varieties is crucial to the continuity of the Michoacán paradigm.

    Encuentro Antonina Smiles
    Maestra Antonina González Leandro of Tarerio, Michoacán, is radiant in her hand-embroidered blouse. 

    This year, the organizing committee gave special honors to a few of
    the consistent winners of the cooking competition at the heart of each
    annual Encuentro.  These great women of the regional kitchen, now retired from competition, are the soul of this festive event.  They are:

    • Benedicta Alejo Vargas, San Lorenzo.  Her specialities for 2010 were wild mushrooms, traditional churipo (a beef-based soup), rabbit mole, cheese mole, and tzirita.
    • Juana Bravo Lázaro, Angahuan.  Her specialities were atápakua de kuruchi kariri (dried fish stew), filled corundas with churipo, and two varieties of tortillas.
    • Antonina González Leandro, Tarerio.  She specialized in fried trout with traditional mole, tomato mole, or in a broth, pozole, and ponteduro (a kind of toasted and sweetened corn snack).
    • Esperanza Galván Hernández, Zacán.  Her specialties were mole tatemado con arroz (baked mole with rice), quesadillas, corundas filled with vegetables, and blue corn tortillas.
    • Amparo Cervantes, Tzurumútaro.  For this Encuentro, she specialized in mole con pollo y arroz (mole with chicken and rice), carne de puerco con rajas (pork meat with poblano chile strips), corundas, and uchepos.

    Encuentro Guisos Antonina
    A few of Maestra Antonina's special dishes, including (lower right) tortitas de charales, (center, in the molcajete) salsa de chile perón, (back left) nopalitos en salsa de jitomate, and (back right) caldo de trucha (freshly fried Michoacán-farmed rainbow trout in broth). 

    Encuentro Amparo Carne de Cerdo con Rajas
    Maestra Amparo's carne de cerdo con rajas, cooking over a wood fire.  She constantly tended and stirred the cazuela (clay cooking dish) so that the preparation would neither dry out nor stick.

    Encuentro Envolver Corunda
    Sra. Cayetana Nambo Rangel of Erongarícuaro prepared choricorundas, a type of pyramid-shaped corn tamal filled with cooked chorizo, a spicy pork sausage.  The corunda is wrapped in a long green corn leaf (not a corn husk) and then steamed.  Traditionally, corundas can be either blind (made without a filling) or filled.

    Encuentro Atápakua con Chile Verde
    Young cook Susana Servín Galván of Zacán entered the food competition with cuchiatápakua en chile verde con frijoles de la olla, a traditional dish from her small town.  The dish consists of pork meat cooked in a thick sauce made of highly spicy chile serrano
    and served with freshly cooked beans and blue corn tortillas.  This is
    my jealously guarded plateful; the dish was stunningly delicious and
    sold out quickly.  I was lucky to taste it.

    Encuentro Susana Servín Galván The Joy of Cooking
    Susana Servín Galván, the up-and-coming young cook who prepared the fabulous dish in the preceding photo.

    Encuentro Molcajete y Mano con Salsa
    Salsa de chile de árbol pounded into existence using this enormous molcajete y tejolote (volcanic stone mortar and pestle).

    Encuentro Esenciales de la Cocina
    More ingredients and utensils crucial to the regional Michoacán kitchen.

    Mexico Cooks! will keep you informed about the dates for the 2012 Ninth Annual Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán
    This unique event, a true look at Michoacán's regional cuisine, should
    be on everyone's calendar for early December.  Come with us and we will
    introduce you to all of these dishes and more!

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • 7º Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán: Michoacán’s Seventh Annual Festival of Traditional Cuisine

    On October 4, 5, and 6, 2013, the Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán will celebrate its 10th anniversary.  In honor of the coming festival, for the next three weeks, Mexico Cooks! will publishing its articles about the prior three years of the Encuentro.  In mid-October, you'll find the report of the 10th Anniversary Encuentro, right here on Mexico Cooks!.  And if you can possibly get to the 10th Anniversary event, we'll publish all the details just as soon as we have them.  Meantime, save the dates: October 4, 5, and 6, 2013 in Morelia, Michoacán. 

    Encuentro Papel Picado Uruapan
    In Uruapan, Michoacán, on December 3, 2010, multicolored papel picado (cut paper streamers) billowed in the evening breeze to announce our tremendous pride in the VII Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán (Seventh Annual Michoacán Traditional Food Festival).

    Encuentro Mole con Pollo
    A sumptuous and traditional mole con pollo (mole with chicken) as prepared by Antonina González Leandro of Tarerio, Michoacán.  Sra. González participated in the concurso de la Zona Lacustre (Lake Pátzcuaro region competition) that took place this year in Pátzcuaro.  In addition to this mole, she prepared pozole de elote con conejo (fresh-corn stew with rabbit), several other savory dishes, and a wonderful sweet dried-corn snack called ponteduro.

    Encuentro Antonina González Leandro con Cynthia Martínez
    In
    Pátzcuaro on December 4, 2010, Sra. Antonina González paused at her
    booth to pose with Cynthia Martínez, in charge of Morelia's Restaurante
    San Miguelito.

    Each of the last several years, Mexico Cooks!
    has been privileged to be included on the teams of speakers, judges,
    and hosts for Michoacán's annual traditional cuisine spectacular.  This
    year, our joyous cup of participation in the festival was filled to
    overflowing by the two-week-prior notice that Mexico's cuisine, and
    especially the cuisine of Michoacán, had been designated as a UNESCO
    Intangible Heritage of Humanity–the first cuisine in the world to be so
    honored.  Three cities in central Michoacán (Morelia, Uruapan, and
    Pátzcuaro) were named to host this year's food festival, and all three
    went completely overboard in welcoming every participant: host
    committees, notable chefs and food writers from all parts of Mexico and
    other countries, hundreds of proud and happy local and regional eaters,
    and the people without whom there would be no reason to have the party:
    the stupendous traditional cooks from the Purhépecha communities
    throughout this part of the state.

    Encuentro Gloria López Morales
    In Morelia on December 5, 2010, Dra. Gloria López Morales, president of the Conservatorio de la Cultura Gastronómica Mexicana, shares her views on topics related to Mexico's November 2010 triumph at UNESCO.

    Encuentro Christian and David conmigo
    In Pátzcuaro, Mexico Cooks!
    talks about Michoacán cuisine with (left) Christian Plotzcyk and
    (right) David Suárez of the New York restaurant group Rosa Mexicano.

    A
    number of internationally known chefs and food writers attended the
    festival this year.  Among them were Patricia Quintana, Alicia Gironella
    d'Angeli, Rubén Hernández, Roberto González Guzmán, Sol Rubín de
    Borbolla, Cristina Palacio, and Gabriel Gutiérrez García, all from
    Mexico City; Cynthia Martínez, Alma Cervantes, and Joaquín Bonilla of
    Morelia; and Susana Trilling of Oaxaca.  In addition, David Suárez and
    Christian Plotzcyk of the Rosa Mexicano restaurant group based in New
    York City and Iliana de la Vega of Restaurante El Naranjo, Austin, Texas, represented the interest of the United States.  The
    festival also counted on the participation of internationally renowned
    Michoacán chefs Rubí Silva Figueroa (Restaurante Los Mirasoles,
    Morelia), Lucero Soto Arriaga (Restaurante LU, Morelia), and Blanca
    Estela Vidales (Restaurante La Mesa de Blanca, Ziracuaretiro,
    Michoacán), who, along with teams of cooks and assistants, prepared
    several banquets for specially invited festival participants and guests.

    Encuentro Jahuakata 2
    In Uruapan, we tasted delicious jahuacatas (corundas created using layers of frijoles molidos (beans ground on the traditional metate) and fresh masa (corn dough), as prepared by Sra. Juanita Bravo Lázaro from Angahuan, Michoacán.  Sra. Bravo served these marvelous jahuacatas with an atápakua de calabaza
    (thick squash sauce).  This preparation won the prize for the best
    traditional dish.  Click on the photograph to enlarge the picture for a
    better view of the layers.

    Encuentro Yurucurindas
    None of the judges had previously heard of–much less tasted–these incredibly delicious yurucurindas.  Once we tasted them in Uruapan, we couldn't stop recommending them to everyone in earshot.  "Hurry, get one before they're gone!" we mumbled with our mouths full.  Similar in size to but a bit thicker than a standard corn tortilla, the yurucurindas are made from blue corn masa, piloncillo (Mexican raw sugar cones), and canela molida (ground cinnamon), and then baked on a traditional comal de barro (clay griddle).  Even this long after the festival, the photo still makes my mouth water at the memory!

    Benedicta Alejo by Gabriel Gutiérrez
    Señora Benedicta
    Alejo Vargas of San Lorenzo, Michoacán is one of the greatest
    traditional cooks in the Uruapan area.  The internationally known Sra.
    Alejo won the prize for best rescued dish with churipo de carne seca
    (dried beef soup in the Purhépecha style).  Rescued dishes include
    traditional preparations that are not usually prepared today and are on
    the verge of extinction. Photo courtesy Gabriel Gutiérrez García.

    Encuentro Benedicta Servilletas
    Mexico Cooks!
    noticed this basket of fresh green leaves on the table at Sra. Alejo's
    booth and asked what purpose they served.  Sra. Alejo smiled and said,
    "When I was a little girl, my grandmother always put a basket of leaves
    on the table to use as napkins.  It's part of my family's tradition." 
    In addition to her prize-winning traditional churipo, Sra. Alejo prepared mole de conejo (rabbit mole), mole de queso (cheese mole), and tzirita, a botana (appetizer) made of finely ground chile seeds and other savory ingredients.

    Encuentro Patricia Quintana Uruapan
    For
    the first time, acclaimed chef (she's the owner of Mexico City's
    restaurant Izote) and author Patricia Quintana attended the Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional.  She happily served as a judge.

    Encuentro Tortillas Dos Colores en Canasta
    Absolutely gorgeous: hot-off-the-comal tortillas, made with two colors of corn masa.

    Encuentro Atole de Chaketa
    Thick and delicious atole de chaqueta is a corn-based hot drink flavored, in this instance, with the toasted and ground outer shells of the cacao
    (chocolate) bean.  Nothing is wasted here in Michoacán's kitchens:
    imagine that such delicious things are made from what you might discard:
    chile seeds and the hulls of cocoa beans!

    Encuentro Bailable Uruapan 2
    In
    addition to the wonderful food competition, the festival organization
    treated the Uruapan public to a marvelous evening of traditional music
    and dance.

    Encuentro Closure Rubén
    At the December 5, 2010 Morelia closure of the VII Encuentro de Cocina Tradicional de Michoacán, the prize-winning cocineras
    (cooks) and other dignitaries posed with (left foreground) Sra. Alicia
    Gironella d'Angeli, First Lady of Mexico's food world and chef/owner at
    Restaurante El Tajín in Mexico City and Dr. Genovevo Figueroa, secretary
    of tourism for the state of Michoacán.  Both Sra. Gironella and Dr.
    Figueroa are long-time supporters of this annual Michoacán festival. 
    Photo courtesy Rubén Hernández.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • VIVA MÉXICO! For Independence Day, Chiles en Nogada, the Mexican Flag on Your Plate

    Banderas
    The whole month of September is a big party: the Fiestas Patrias (National Celebrations). 
    Here, a street stand offering Mexican flags, hanging banners, and a lot of small Independence-related items for sale.

    Mexico
    celebrates its independence during the entire month of September with parades,
    parties, and traditional food and drink in restaurants and at home.  The
    traditional festive dish during the weeks before and after the
    Independence Day holiday is chiles en nogada, a magnificent tribute to the seasonal availability of granadas (pomegranates) and fresh nuez de Castilla (walnuts). From late August till early October, fresh pomegranates and frsh walnuts make chiles en nogada possible.  Mildly spicy chiles poblano, stuffed with picadillo and topped with richly creamy walnut sauce and pomegranate seeds, flaunt the brilliant green, white and red of the Mexican flag.

    Chiles en Nogada
    Chiles en nogada: chiles poblano, roasted, peeled, stuffed with picadillo (in this case, a fruity Mexican hash), and plated with walnut sauce, pomegranate seeds, and fresh cilantro.

    This
    festive dish is
    traditionally served on September 15 or 16 in honor of Mexico's
    Independence Day, though it is popular anytime in the late summer and
    fall. During
    August and September in the highlands of Mexico, particularly in Mexico
    City and Puebla on the streets bordering the markets, village women can
    be seen sitting on blankets painstakingly peeling off the brown skin
    from each individual walnut. It is important to use recently harvested walnuts, the freshest possible, as they produce such a creamy, rich sauce that it is
    worth the effort demanded to peel them.  Yes, the recipe is time-consuming…but you and your guests will jump up and shout "VIVA!" when you've licked the platters clean.

    Ingredientes

    Ingredients

    For the Meat  

    • 2 pounds beef brisket or other stew meat or 1 pound beef and 1 pound pork butt 
    • 1 small white onion, quartered 
    • 2 large cloves garlic 
    • about 1 Tablespoon sea salt

     For the Picadillo  

    • 4 Tablespoons safflower or canola oil
    • 1/3 cup chopped white onion
    • 3 large cloves garlic, minced
    • 1/2 teaspoon ground cinnamon 
    • 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
    • 1/8 teaspoon ground cloves
    • 3 heaping Tablespoons raisins
    • 1 or 2 chiles serrano, finely minced
    • 2 Tablespoons chopped walnuts or pecans
    • 2 Tablespoons chopped candied pineapple
    • 1 fresh pear, peeled and chopped
    • 1 apple, peeled and chopped
    • 1 large potato, peeled and diced
    • 3 large, ripe tomatoes, roasted, peeled and chopped
    • sea salt to taste

    Chiles_poblanos
     

    For the Chiles  

    • 6 fresh chiles poblano , roasted, peeled, and seeded, leaving the stem intact 

    For the Walnut Sauce 

    • 1 cup fresh walnuts (available only at this time of the year)
    • 6 ounces doble crema or cream cheese (not fat free) at room temperature 
    • 1-1/2 cups crema mexicana or 1-1/4 cups sour cream thinned with milk 
    • about 1/2 teaspoon sea salt 
    • 1 Tablespoon sugar   
    • 1/8 teaspoon ground cinnamon 
    • 1/4 cup dry sherry (optional)

    Granadas

    For the Garnish  

    • 1 Tablespoon chopped cilantro leaves
    • 1/2 cup fresh pomegranate seeds

    Preparation

    Cut
    the meat into large chunks, removing any excess fat. Place the meat
    into a large Dutch oven with the onion, garlic, and salt. Cover with
    cold water and bring to a boil over medium-high heat. Skim off any foam
    that collects on the surface. Lower the heat and allow the water to
    simmer about 45 minutes, until the meat is just tender. Take the pot
    off the stove and let the meat cool in the broth. Remove the pieces of
    meat and finely shred them.


    Warm
    the oil in a large, heavy skillet and sauté the onion and garlic over
    medium heat until they turn a pale gold. Stir in the shredded meat and
    cook for 5 minutes. Add the cinnamon, pepper, and cloves, then, stir in
    the raisins, the 2 Tablespoons chopped walnuts. Add the chopped pear,
    apple, and potato, and mix well. Add the tomatoes and salt to taste,
    and continue cooking over medium-high heat until most of the moisture
    has evaporated. Stir often so that the mixture doesn't stick. Let cool,
    cover, and set aside. The picadillo may be made a day or two in advance.


    Make a slit down the side of each chile, just long enough to remove the seeds and veins. Keep the stem end intact. Drain the chiles on paper towels until they are completely dry. Cover and set aside. The chiles may be prepared a day in advance.

    At
    least 3 hours in advance, place the walnuts in a small pan of
    boiling water. Remove from the heat and let them sit for 5 minutes.
    Drain the nuts and, when cool, rub off as much of the dark skin as
    possible. Chop the nuts into small pieces. Place the nuts, cream cheese, crema,
    and salt in a blender and purée thoroughly. Stir in the optional sugar,
    cinnamon, and sherry, if using, until thoroughly combined. Chill for
    several hours.

    Chile_en_nogada_2


    When ready to serve, reheat the meat filling and stuff the chiles until plump and just barely closed. Place the chiles
    on a serving platter or on individual plates, cover with the chilled
    walnut sauce, and sprinkle with the cilantro and
    pomegranate seeds.

    This dish can also be served at room temperature, or it may be served chilled.

    Photos 2, 3, 4, and 5 courtesy of Jesús Guzmán Moya, M.D., of Puebla, Puebla, México.  Enjoy more of Dr. Guzmán's lovely photos here.  Gracias, amigo Chucho!

    Provecho!

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    for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click
    here:
    Tours.

  • Hog Heaven: Mexico’s Love Affair with Pork

    Azul Cochinita
    Cochinita pibil from the Yucatán (seasoned pork, slow-cooked and then shredded), a specialty of Ricardo Muñoz Zurita's Restaurante Azul/Condesa.  It's a quick route from the farm to the plate.

    Mexico is one of the largest producers and consumers of pork in the world, second only to China.  In spite of the 'swine flu' crisis several years ago, Mexico continues to eat pork at a record-breaking pace and, every year, to export millions of tons of pork to other countries.  (FIRA

    Puercos en Camión
    From the growers' farms to a rastro (slaughterhouse) is a speedy ride along one of Mexico's super-highways.  A truck like this one, loaded with pigs, is an everyday sight throughout Mexico.  Photo courtesy ROTOV.

    Mexico is not nearly as squeamish as the United States in seeing where its carne de cerdo (pork meat) comes from.  In fact, a stroll through just about any city market or tianguis (street market) will give ample evidence that meat–including pork meat–comes from an animal, not from a sterile, platic-wrapped styrofoam meat tray at a supermarket. 

    Pig Head
    Every part of the pig is used in Mexico's kitchens.  The head is ordinarily used to make pozole, a rich stew of pork meat, reconstituted dried corn, spices, and condiments. 

    No pork existed in Mexico until after the Spanish conquest; in fact, no domestic animals other than the xoloitzcuintle dog were used for food.  The only sources of animal protein were fish, frogs, and other water creatures, wild Muscovy-type ducks, the javalí (wild boar), about 200 varieties of edible insects, doves and the turkey, all native to what is now Mexico. 

    Hog Heaven Pig Tails
    Mexico has been cooking head-to-tail since long before that notion came into international vogue.  Pig tails are used here for roasting–look for recipes for rabo de cerdo asado (roast pig tail).|

    Pig Mariachi Mercado de Jamaica August 2013
    No matter that just below these jolly mariachi pigs at Mexico City's Mercado de Jamaica, their once-live counterparts lie ready for the butcher's knife.  These fellows play on!

    Chicharrón 3
    Chicharrón (fried pig skin) is prepared fresh every day by butchers whose specialty is pork.  Nothing goes to waste.

    Just about any Mexican butcher worth his stripes can custom-cut whatever portion of the pig you need for meal preparation.  In case you're not 100% familiar with the names of Mexican cuts, here are two pork cut charts, first in English and then in Spanish for comparison.

    Pork Cuts English
    Pork cuts chart in English.  Click to enlarge the image for better viewing.

    Pork Cuts Chart Spanish
    Pork cuts chart in Spanish (for Mexican users).  Even in Spanish, many cuts have different names depending on which country names them.  Again, click to enlarge the image for a better view.

    Mercado SJ Lechón
    These suckling pigs were butchered at 6 weeks to 3 months old.  Known in Mexico as lechón, roast suckling pig is a delicacy by any name.  Many restaurants specialize in its preparation.

    Tacos al Pastor Calle Uruguay DF
    One of the most common and popular (and really delicious) kinds of street tacos is tacos al pastor (shepherd style tacos).  Marinate thinly sliced pork meat in a sauce made of chiles guajillo, vinegar, and tomato. Next, layer the slices on a vertical spit so that they form the shape of a spinning top.  At the top of the meat, place a pineapple without skin.  Light the fire in the grate behind the spit and allow a portion of the meat to cook until slightly caramelized on the edges and tender within.  Slice into very thin pieces, using them to fill a tortilla warmed on the flattop.  With your sharp knife, flick a small section of the pineapple into the taco.  Add the salsa you prefer, some minced onion and cilantro, and ahhhhh…the taste of Mexico!

    Titita Manitas de Cerdo
    Manitas de cerdo: pickled pigs' feet.  The well-scrubbed feet are cooked in salted water, then added to vegetables cooked in a pickling solution of vinegar, chile, vegetables, and herbs.  In Mexico, manitas de cerdo can be eaten as either a botana (snack) or a main dish.

    Pátzcuaro Carnitas
    One of my personal favorite pork dishes: carnitas from Michoacán!  These carnitas in particular are the best I've ever eaten: large hunks of pork are boiled in lard until crispy on the outside, succulent and juicy on the inside.  Chopped roughly and served with various salsas, they're the best tacos I know.  Find them at Carnitas Aeropuerto, in Zamora, Michoacán.

    Adobo en el Plato
    Adobo huasteco, another deliciously spicy pork dish.  It's been a while since this last appeared on our table–and it's high time we prepared it again.  Click on the link for the recipe.

    Hog Heaven Bouquet de Cabezas
    Last but not least, here's a rosy bouquet of pig heads for sale at the Mercado de Jamaica in Mexico City.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Regional Food and Drink in Oaxaca: Buen Provecho! (Good Appetite!) with Mexico Cooks!

    Oaxaca La Teca Mezcal con Sal de Gusano
    In Oaxaca, the state's fine regional drink–mezcal, la bebida de los dioses (the drink of the gods)–is almost as common as water.  Whether enjoyed from a shot glass or sipped from a traditional jícara (a small dried half-gourd), the smoky taste of mezcal combines perfectly with sal de gusano (worm salt, pictured above in the clay bowl) and fresh orange slices. 

    A couple of years ago, Mexico Cooks! was invited to Oaxaca as a guest of Mexico Today,
    a new Mexican government initiative designed to promote all the best of
    Mexico to the world.  Twenty-four diverse writers–all with a passion
    for Mexico–met in Oaxaca to bond and to learn about the new program we
    would soon be representing to our readers. As you might imagine, Mexico Cooks! thought what's cooking in Oaxaca was one of the major highlights of the trip.

    Estofado de Lengua Pitiona
    We experienced our first Oaxaca cena (late-evening supper) at Pitiona,
    the new and highly touted restaurant owned by young Chef José Manuel
    Baños Rodríguez.  Along with several other courses, he served our group
    this estofado de carne de res con mole (braised beef tongue with mole). 
    The three pale-green globes are olive liquid that burst in the mouth to
    release the pure essence of green olive.  The beef?  Delicious, tender
    tongue.  Some of our group could barely believe that beef tongue, of all
    things, could be so wonderful.

    Oaxaca La Olla Tostada Callejera 2
    My good friend Lisa Coleman, went with me the next day for a relatively light comida (the main meal of Mexico's day) at Pilar Cabrera's marvelous restaurant, La Olla.  Our first course was a plate of four of these tostadas callejeras (street-food-style tostadas).  Not one smidgen of anything–not tomato, not guacamole, not lettuce, not the crispy corn tostada and certainly not the delicious Oaxaca-style chorizo (spicy sausage)–remained on the plate after we finished the course.

    Oaxaca Casa Oaxaca 1
    Chef Alejandro Ruiz closely supervised the preparation of a beautiful and amazingly delicious Saturday-night cena for a special group.  A candle-lit mezcal and jamaica (infusion of hibiscus flower) martini started our elegant meal at Restaurante Casa Oaxaca.

    Oaxaca Casa Oaxaca 5
    Chef Alejandro explains one of the fine points of the dinner preparation.

    Oaxaca Casa Oaxaca 6 Cebiche
    The Casa Oaxaca cebiche (marinated raw fish) appetizer, served with mango cubes, onion, cilantro, and an espejo (literally mirror, but in this case, a pool) of marinade that included jugos de limón y maracuyá (key lime and passionfruit juices).  This socko flavor combination was the hit of the night for me.

    Next week: a delightful restaurant for home-style regional Oaxacan cuisine.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Mercado 20 de noviembre, Oaxaca: Shop the 20 de noviembre Market with Mexico Cooks!

    For the next two or three weeks, Mexico Cooks! will take you on a virtual trip to Oaxaca.  Enjoy!

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 5 Sal de Gusano
    Emblematic of Oaxaca and its mezcal culture, sal de gusano (worm salt) and a wedge of fresh orange are the truly Oaxacan accompaniments to a shot of what Mexicans call la bebida de los dioses (the drink of the gods).  And yes, sal de gusano is made with sea salt, ground chile, and dried, toasted and ground maguey worms.  I promise you that it is delicious.

    The last morning of Mexico Cooks!' recent stay in Oaxaca, I grabbed a friend and headed off to the city's famous Mercado Benito Juárez.  The market is in many ways similar to but in many ways different from  those that Mexico Cooks! knows best, the traditional markets of Mexico's Central Highlands.  Both my friend and I were fascinated by what we saw and learned while we were poking around among the stalls.

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 10 Jícaras y Sonajas
    The large carved bowls at the top of the basket and several of the smaller carved bowls to the lower right–including the laquered red ones–are actually jícaras (dried gourds).  Jícaras are traditionally used for drinking mezcal.  Around the edge of the basket you see sonajas (rattles), in this case whole dried gourds on sticks.  The seeds dry inside the gourds to provide the sound effects when you shake the stick.

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 6 Chilhuacle
    Rural Oaxaca grows chiles of all kinds, including some that are unique to the state.  These are dried chile chilhuacle negro, arguably the most expensive chile in Mexico.  Retail price?  Eight hundred pesos the kilo–about $75 USD for 2.2 pounds, at today's exchange rate.

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 1 Bolsas 1
    Bags, bags, and more bags–all plastic–sell at two adjacent market stands.  The bolsas (bags) range from the little zipper change purses in the basket at lower right to the big woven market bags on the left and at the rear.  Mexico Cooks! came home with two of the big ones.

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 8 Chiles Pasilla Oaxaca
    Mexican chile terminology is filled with contradictions.  These are chiles pasillas oaxaqueños (Oaxacan pasilla chiles).  Chiles pasillas are different sizes, shapes, colors, and flavors depending on where you are in Mexico, but these are unique to Oaxaca.

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 16 Moronga
    Moronga is pork blood sausage.  The blood is heavily seasoned with ruda (rue), oregano, fresh  mint, onions and chile and then stuffed into pigs' intestines and boiled for as much as several hours. 

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 11 Chiles de Agua
    Chile de agua (literally, water chile) is another specialty pepper from Oaxaca.  Some folks say its heat is medium, some folks swear it's hot as hell, and everyone agrees that it's very difficult to find outside Oaxaca.  Look back a few weeks on Mexico Cooks! to see a wonderful use for these small chiles.  I loved the flavor and the picor (heat factor).

    Oaxaca Benito Juárez Mkt 21 Tres Moles
    Three of Oaxaca's famous moles.  These are sold as pastes, by weight.  You simply reconstitute them with chicken broth at home and serve them with the meat of your choice.  Mexico Cooks! is crazy about carne de cerdo con mole negro (pork with black mole).

    We'll come back to Oaxaca, just to give you a sample of marvelous food and drink–next Saturday morning, right here at Mexico Cooks!.  Be ready for more regional Oaxacan specialties.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • La Feria del Chile (The Chile Fair) in Queréndaro, Michoacán

    This article, originally published in September 2008, is current once again.  The Feria del Chile de Queréndaro is happening this weekend, August 9-11, 2013.  If you're in the vicinity of Queréndaro, Michoacán, by all means get there.

    Folcloriquitos 1

    We fell in love with these wee ballet folklórico performers, children no more than four years old.

    For
    the last seven years, just around the late July-early August harvest
    time, the town of Queréndaro, Michoacán, has celebrated the Feria del Chile (chile
    fair).  The center of town fills with rides for children, booths
    specializing in all sorts of food, games of chance, a big stage for
    daily ballet folklórico and nightly music, and all the usual whoopdedoo of fiesta time.  The star of the fiestas is, of course, the chile chilaca.

    Venta de Chiles Secos
    In Queréndaro, Michoacán, daily work is all about locally grown chiles chilaca.


    About 3 thousand acres of chile chilaca are
    planted in the central Mexican states of
    Aguascalientes, Jalisco, Guanajuato, Zacatecas and Michoacán.  Many of
    the residents of Queréndaro, Michoacán commercially cultivate this
    particular chile

    Cerveza y Vino...
    All work and no play is no good, though.  This sign on a Queréndaro grocer's door says, "Beer and wine for the road".

    Chiles Chilaca
    These chiles chilaca matured to their ripe, deep-red color before harvest.

    The chile chilaca also has other
    names such as negro (black), prieto (dark), or, particularly here in Michoacán, chile para
    deshebrar
    (chile to tear in small strips). High quality chilaca is long, slender and
    undulated. Each chile can measure a foot long.  Before its fully-ripe state the chilaca is inky blue-green, with color and flavor similar to the chile poblano.  Here in Michoacán, where there are at least two names for every growing thing, the fresh chile chilaca is coloquially known as the cuernillo (little horn).  

    Queréndaro la Calle Principal
    Most of the locally grown deep-red chiles chilaca are dried in the sun.  These are spread out along a main street in Queréndaro.  The chiles are drying on petates, mats made of woven lake reed.

    The chilaca turns dark reddish-brown when it's allowed to ripen on the bush.  When ripe and then dried in the Queréndaro sun, the chilaca becomes very dark red and is called chile pasilla.  If the seeds are removed from the dried chile, its name is chile capónChiles capones literally means 'castrated' chiles.  This vegetable castration refers to the removal of the seeds prior to cooking.

    Productos Queréndaro
    Some chilacas are sold bottled, either en escabeche (pickled in vinegar) or as chiles capones (dried, seeded, soaked, toasted, and then cooked with onion), to be used as a botana or condimento (appetizer or condiment). 

    Chiles Chilaca Rellenos
    These are chiles chilaca rellenoschiles capones stuffed with tomates verdes (tomatillos), onion, and garlic.  The chiles in the photo, prepared for carry-out at the Alberto Gómez family booth , still needed to be topped with shredded Oaxaca cheese.

    Chiles Multicolores
    The Barajas family of Queréndaro offered this variety of freshly harvested chiles at their booth at the Feria del Chile.  Clockwise beginning with the dark green chiles at the bottom of the basket, they are:

    • chiles poblano…………14 pesos per kilo
    • chiles güero……………14 pesos per kilo
    • chiles chilaca verde……12 pesos per kilo
    • chiles cola de rata……..50 pesos per kilo (for dry chiles; the booth was out of fresh)
    • chiles poblano rojo…….14 pesos per kilo

    Queréndaro, Michoacán

    Mexico Cooks! bought a kilo of fresh mature (red) chiles chilaca
    We've been preparing them in various dishes.  The flavor they add is
    deeply sweet and deadly hot.  So far, our favorite recipe is with
    potatoes, onions, and flor de calabaza (squash blossoms).  Here's what to do:

    Papas con Flor de Calabaza y Chile

    Ingredients
    3 large white potatoes, russets if you can get them
    1 medium white onion
    2 fresh mature chiles chilaca
    1 large clove garlic
    2 bunches fresh flor de calabaza (squash blossoms)
    Flour
    Vegetable oil or freshly rendered lard
    Water
    Sea salt

    Utensils
    Large pot
    Colander
    Griddle
    Small plastic bag
    Large plastic bag
    Large sauté pan
    Spatula

    Procedure
    Peel
    and cube (approximately 3/4") the potatoes.  Bring salted water to boil
    in a pot large enough for them.  Boil the potatoes until tender
    (approximately 15 minutes) and strain.  Allow the potatoes to dry for 30
    minutes or more.

    Wash and rough-chop the squash blossoms.  Discard their stems.

    Dice the onion to approximately 1/2".  Mince the garlic.

    Heat the dry griddle and roast the chiles until they are blackened.  Put them in the small plastic bag, twist it closed, and allow the chiles to "sweat" for about 10 minutes.  Peel and seed.  Slice the chiles in 1/2" rounds.

    Heat
    the oil or lard in the sauté pan.  While it heats, put approximately
    1/2 cup flour and a teaspoon of sea salt into the large plastic bag. 
    Add the potatoes to the bag and shake until the potatoes are dredged
    with flour and salt.

    Sauté the onions, garlic, and chiles
    Add the potatoes and continue to sauté until the potatoes are golden
    brown.  Add the squash blossoms and sauté briefly–the blossoms will
    wilt.  Add sea salt to taste.

    Serves 3 or 4 as a side dish.

    ¡Provecho!

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Home Cooking–Traditional Mexican Food, Just Like Mamá Used to Make

    Big Pink Pig Head Mercado San Juan Morelia
    Carnicería (meat market), Mercado San Juan, Morelia, Michoacán.  Would you consider this big pink pig head to be 'authentic' Mexican food?  It truly is; every part of the head is used in Mexico for preparing one dish or another.  Most commonly, the head is used for making pozole.

    More and
    more people who want to experience "real"Mexican food are asking about the
    availability of authentic Mexican meals outside Mexico
    .  Bloggers and posters on food-oriented websites have vociferously
    definite opinions on what constitutes authenticity.  Writers' claims range from the uninformed
    (the fajitas at such-and-such a restaurant are totally authentic, just like in Mexico
    ) to the ridiculous (Mexican cooks in Mexico can't get good ingredients, so
    Mexican meals prepared in the United States
    are superior).

    Much of
    what I read about authentic Mexican cooking reminds me of that old story of the
    blind men and the elephant. "Oh," says
    the first, running his hands up and down the elephant's leg, "an elephant is
    exactly like a tree."  "Aha," says the
    second, stroking the elephant's trunk, "the elephant is precisely like a
    hose."  And so forth. If you haven't experienced what most posters
    persist in calling "authentic Mexican", then there's no way to compare any
    restaurant in the United States
    with anything that is prepared or
    served in Mexico
    . You're simply spinning your wheels.

    Blind Men and Elephant
    The blind men and the elephant.

    It's my
    considered opinion that there is no such thing as one definition of authentic
    Mexican. Wait, before you start
    hopping up and down to refute that, consider that "authentic" is generally what
    you were raised to appreciate. Your
    mother's pot roast is authentic, but so is my mother's. Your aunt's tuna salad is the real deal, but
    so is my aunt's, and they're not the least bit similar.

    The
    descriptor I've come to use for many dishes is 'traditional'. We can
    even argue about  that adjective, but it serves to describe the
    traditional dish of–oh, say carne de
    puerco en chile verde
    –as served in the North of Mexico, in the Central
    Highlands, or in the Yucatán. There may
    be big variations among the preparations of this dish, but each preparation is
    traditional and each is authentic in its region.

    I think
    that in order to understand the cuisines of Mexico
    , we have to give up arguing about
    authenticity and concentrate on the reality of certain dishes.

    Restaurante Los Tacos Al Pastor
    Traditional Mexican pork tacos al pastor (shepherd-style tacos) are a derivation of shawarma, traditional Middle Eastern spit-roasted lamb, chicken, or beef, imported to Mexico by Lebanese immigrants during the 19th century.

    Traditional
    Mexican cooking is not a hit-or-miss let's-make-something-for-dinner
    proposition based on "let's see what we have in the despensa (pantry)." Traditional Mexican cooking is as complicated and precise as traditional
    French cooking, with just as many hide-bound conventions as French cuisine imposes. You can't just throw some chiles and a glob of chocolate into a
    sauce and call it mole. You can't simply decide to call something Mexican salsa when it's not. There are specific recipes to follow,
    specific flavors and textures to expect, and specific results to attain. Yes, some liberties are taken, particularly
    in Mexico
    's new alta
    cocina
    (haute cuisine) and fusion
    restaurants, but even those liberties are generally based on specific traditional recipes.

    In recent
    readings of food-oriented websites, I've noticed questions about what
    ingredients are available in Mexico
    . The posts have gone on to ask
    whether or not those ingredients are up to snuff when compared with what's
    available in what the writer surmises to be more sophisticated food sources
    such as the United States.

    Frijoles y Chiles Sartén
    Frijoles peruanos (so-called Peruvian beans) heating in lard, almost ready to be mashed with a blackened chile serrano, resulting in Mexico's ubiquitous and iconic frijolitos refritos (well-fried beans).

    Surprise,
    surprise: most readily available fresh foods in Mexico
    's markets are even better than similar
    ingredients you find outside Mexico
    . Foreign chefs who tour with me to visit Mexico's stunning produce markets are inevitably
    astonished to see that what is grown for the ordinary home-cook user is
    fresher, more flavorful, more attractive, and much less costly than similar ingredients
    available in the United States
    .

    It's the
    same with most meats: pork and chicken are head and shoulders above what you
    find in North of the Border meat markets. Fish and seafood are from-the-sea fresh and distributed every day, within just a
    few hours of any of Mexico
    's coasts.

    Chiles Rellenos Conde Pétatl
    A traditional way to prepare and plate chiles poblano rellenos
    (stuffed poblano chiles): a poblano chile, roasted, peeled, and seeded,
    then stuffed with a melting white cheese.  The chile is then dredged
    with flour and covered with an egg batter and fried.  It's served
    floating in a pool of very light, mildly spicy caldillo (tomato broth).

    Nevertheless,
    Mexican restaurants in the United States
    make do with the less-than-superior
    ingredients found outside Mexico
    . In fact, some downright delicious traditional Mexican meals can be had
    in some North of the Border Mexican restaurants. Those restaurants are hard to find, though,
    because in the States, most of what has come to be known as Mexican cooking is
    actually Tex-Mex cooking. There's
    nothing wrong with Tex-Mex cooking, nothing at all. It's just not traditional Mexican cooking.  Tex-Mex is great food
    from a particular region of the United States
    . Some of it is adapted from Mexican cooking and some is the invention of
    early Texas
    settlers. Some innovations are adapted from
    both of those points of origin.  Fajitas, ubiquitous on Mexican
    restaurant menus all over the United States, are a typical Tex-Mex
    invention.  Now available in Mexico's restaurants, fajitas are offered to the tourist trade as prototypically authentic. 

    You need to
    know that the best of Mexico
    's cuisines is not found in
    restaurants. It comes straight from
    somebody's mama's kitchen. Clearly not
    all Mexicans are good cooks, just as not all Chinese are good cooks, not all
    Italians are good cooks, etc. But the
    most traditional, the most (if you will) authentic Mexican meals are home
    prepared.

    Pollo en la Olla
    The simple ingredients of caldo de pollo (Mexican chicken soup) may vary in one or two aspects from region to region, but the traditional basis is what you see: the freshest chicken, onion, carrots, chile, and cilantro give flavor to the broth.

    That
    reality is what made Diana Kennedy who she is today: for 50 years, she has taken the time to
    travel Mexico
    , searching for the best of the best of the
    traditional preparations. For the most
    part, she didn't find them in fancy restaurants, homey comedores (small commercial dining rooms) or fondas
    (tiny working-class restaurants). She found them as she stood next to
    the stove in a home kitchen, watching Doña Fulana (Mrs. So-and-So) prepare comida (the midday main meal of the day) for her family.  She took the time to educate her palate,
    understand the ingredients, taste what was offered to her, and learn, learn,
    learn from home cooks before she started putting traditional recipes,
    techniques, and stories on paper. If we
    take the time to prepare recipes from any of Ms. Kennedy's many cookbooks, we
    too can experience her wealth of experience and can come to understand what
    traditional Mexican cooking can be.  Her books bring Mexico's kitchens to us when we're not able to go to Mexico.

    DK Pensativa 2
    Diana Kennedy at the Universidad Nacional Autónoma Mexicana, June 2011.

    In order to understand the cuisines of Mexico, we need to experience
    their riches. Until that
    time, we can argue till the cows come home and you'll still be just another blind
    guy patting the beast's side and exclaiming how the elephant is mighty like a
    wall.

    Looking for a tailored-to-your-interests specialized tour in Mexico? Click here: Tours.

  • Everything But the Squeal: Chicharrón (aka Fried Pork Skin)

    Chicharrón 1
    Hot-out-of-the-grease porky deliciousness: chicharrón (chee-chah-ROHN, fried pork skin), as made at the Morelia tianguis (street market) where Mexico Cooks! shops every Wednesday.  The piece of just-made chicharrón in the photo above is about 60cm high by 45cm wide (two feet by one and a half feet).  The cazo (cooking vessel) in the photo is about three feet in diameter at the top.

    Mexico
    is a huge producer of pork, and not just any pork: the little piggy
    that goes to market here is usually finely grained, tender, and
    flavorful.  The meat has just enough fat-to-lean ratio for a wonderful
    feel in the mouth.  Every part of the pig is consumed, from the head (pozole) to the curlicue tail (cooked in a pot of beans).  Even the skin is eaten, in at least two forms: fried as chicharrón or sliced into thin strips and pickled as cueritos.

    Chicharrón 7
    Fresh chicharrón, almost ready to eat, gets a final dowsing with boiling oil.

    In the United States, pork
    rinds destined for the snack food aisle begin as hard, dry pellets made in a factory. Meat processing plants
    sell these pellets in bulk to snack food producers and individual pork rind vendors. The
    dehydrated pellets are placed in vats of hot cooking oil, maintained at a
    temperature around 400 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 204 degrees
    Celsius). A consistent cooking temperature is crucial, since colder oil
    may not cause the pellets to puff out during the deep frying
    stage. The individual pork
    rind pellets are held
    down in the near-boiling oil with a metal screen to insure consistency; after about 60 seconds, they're ready for packaging.

    Pork Rind Packaging
    Typical
    pork rind marketing from the United States.  Crunchy pre-packaged pork
    rinds and NASCAR go together like gin and tonic, bread and butter, or
    mashed potatoes and gravy.

    In Mexico, very little processing takes place between the on-the-hoof pig and the cazo (huge metal pot used to make chicharrones). 
    The slaughterer skins the pig in as large a single piece as possible,
    soaks the skin briefly in brine, and sends it to market.  At the tianguis where I shop on Wednesdays, the chicharrón vendor's brother kills the pig at the rancho.  Another relative–the vendor next to the chicharrón
    purveyor–sells the rest of the freshly killed animal: ribs, tongue,
    liver, kidneys, legs, chops, tenderloin, etc.  Feet sell fresh or
    pickled, ears sell fresh or fried.

    Chicharrón 2
    In Mexico, customers usually wait in line for fresh chicharrón to come out of the cazo.  Although packaged chicharrón is available in supermarkets, freshly-made is infinitely better.  Truly, there is no comparison.

    Pork rinds, long a popular snack food in the southern United States, became
    popular country-wide with the advent of high-protein food plans such as
    the Atkins and South Beach
    diets. Unlike potato or corn chips, fried pork rinds have no
    carbohydrates at all. They are exceptionally high in protein, however,
    which makes them ideal for those who prefer snack foods that have no starch component.

    Chicharrón 3
    Fresh chicharrón can be delgado (thin, above) or gordito (thick, below).  Chicharrón delgado is just the crispy, crunchy fried skin of the pig.  Ask the vendor to weigh out as much or as little as you need; in Mexico, chicharrón is sold by the kilo.  You can see the old-fashioned scale that my vendor uses in the photo above.  Other vendors at the tianguis use digital electronic scales.

    Chicharrón 5
    Chicharrón gordito
    is fried with little squares of pork meat still attached to the skin. 
    The meat develops a creamy texture, which contrasts beautifully with the
    crunch of the crisp-fried skin.  The difference in color between this
    photo and the one above is due to the red lona (tarp) that hung above the first booth and the blue lona that hung over the second booth.

    The main concern about pork
    rinds, however, is their high sodium content.  Pork
    rinds can have up to three times as much sodium as regular potato
    chips.  In spite of their sodium content, pork rinds are usually less
    greasy than other snacks.

    Pork rinds and Guacamole
    In Mexico, guacamole is often served with chunks of chicharrón instead of totopos (tortilla chips).

    In addition to eating chicharrón as a snack food, most Mexicans also enjoy it as a high-protein yet inexpensive meal.  Served everywhere in Mexico, chicharrones en salsa verde is enormously popular.

    Chicharrones en Salsa Verde
    Fried Pork Skins in Green Sauce

    Sauce
    1 lb fresh tomatillos, husked and washed
    1 large bunch cilantro, washed well
    4 to 6 chiles serranos, depending on your heat tolerance
    Salt to taste

    Listo para Licuar 2
    Mexico Cooks! already ground the tomatillos and chiles in the blender.  The cilantro is ready to add.

    In
    a large, heavy saucepan, bring 4 quarts water to a boil.  Add the husked tomatillos and the
    chiles.  Allow to boil until the
    tomatillos begin to crack open.  As each
    one opens, remove it to your blender jar. 
    A few may not open; when the rest are done, just add the unopened
    tomatillos to the rest in the blender jar. 
    Add the chiles as well.  Blend
    until roughly chopped.  Using the hole in
    the center of your blender top, add the cilantro little by little , blending
    until the cilantro is finely chopped. 
    Add salt to taste.

    Heat the salsa verde in the large, heavy saucepan until the sauce is simmering.  Add six or so ounces of freshly-made crunchy chicharrón delgado.*  Allow the chicharrón and salsa to simmer for several minutes.  The texture of the chicharrón will change; during the simmer time, it will become soft and slippery.

    If you prefer, you can put a portion of chicharrón into a bowl and pour the heated sauce on top.  The chicharrón will stay crunchy. 

    *Don't try to make this recipe with pre-packaged snack food pork rinds; they will fall apart in the sauce. 

    Serve with hot tortillas, steamed rice, and a cold beer.

    Serves two or three. 

    Provecho!

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